Function and therapeutic value of astrocytes in neurological diseases.
Function and therapeutic value of astrocytes in neurological diseases.
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星形胶质细胞在神经系统疾病中的作用及治疗价值。
DOI：
10.1038/s41573-022-00390-x
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发表时间：
2022-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
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中科院分区：
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星形胶质细胞是中枢神经系统（CNS）中丰富的胶质细胞，在健康和疾病中执行多种功能。星形胶质细胞功能障碍存在于多种疾病中，包括多发性硬化、阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、亨廷顿病和神经精神障碍。星形胶质细胞调节谷氨酸和离子稳态，胆固醇和鞘脂代谢，并对环境因素作出反应，所有这些都与神经系统疾病有关。星形胶质细胞还表现出显著的异质性，由发育程序和刺激特异性细胞反应驱动，这些细胞反应由CNS位置、细胞-细胞相互作用和其他机制控制。在这篇综述中，我们强调了星形胶质细胞调节的一般机制及其作为治疗靶点的潜力，包括改变星形胶质细胞代谢的药物，以及针对星形胶质细胞上的转运蛋白和受体的疗法。新兴的想法，如工程益生菌和神经胶质到神经元转换疗法，也进行了讨论。我们进一步提出了一个简明的命名为星形胶质细胞亚群，我们用来突出星形胶质细胞和特定的子集在神经系统疾病中的作用。
Astrocytes are abundant glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that perform diverse functions in health and disease. Astrocyte dysfunction is found in numerous diseases, including multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, Huntington disease and neuropsychiatric disorders. Astrocytes regulate glutamate and ion homeostasis, cholesterol and sphingolipid metabolism and respond to environmental factors, all of which have been implicated in neurological diseases. Astrocytes also exhibit significant heterogeneity, driven by developmental programmes and stimulus-specific cellular responses controlled by CNS location, cell–cell interactions and other mechanisms. In this Review, we highlight general mechanisms of astrocyte regulation and their potential as therapeutic targets, including drugs that alter astrocyte metabolism, and therapies that target transporters and receptors on astrocytes. Emerging ideas, such as engineered probiotics and glia-to-neuron conversion therapies, are also discussed. We further propose a concise nomenclature for astrocyte subsets that we use to highlight the roles of astrocytes and specific subsets in neurological diseases.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0808698106
发表时间：
2009-02-10
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Argaw, Azeb Tadesse;Gurfein, Blake T.;John, Gareth R.
通讯作者：
John, Gareth R.
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Alvarez JI;Katayama T;Prat A
通讯作者：
Prat A
星形胶质细胞疤痕形成有助于中枢神经系统轴突再生。
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Anderson MA;Burda JE;Ren Y;Ao Y;O'Shea TM;Kawaguchi R;Coppola G;Khakh BS;Deming TJ;Sofroniew MV
通讯作者：
Sofroniew MV
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Anderson MA;O'Shea TM;Burda JE;Ao Y;Barlatey SL;Bernstein AM;Kim JH;James ND;Rogers A;Kato B;Wollenberg AL;Kawaguchi R;Coppola G;Wang C;Deming TJ;He Z;Courtine G;Sofroniew MV
通讯作者：
Sofroniew MV
影响因子：
25
作者：
Ayata P;Badimon A;Strasburger HJ;Duff MK;Montgomery SE;Loh YE;Ebert A;Pimenova AA;Ramirez BR;Chan AT;Sullivan JM;Purushothaman I;Scarpa JR;Goate AM;Busslinger M;Shen L;Losic B;Schaefer A
通讯作者：
Schaefer A