Epigenetic regulation of brain region-specific microglia clearance activity.

Epigenetic regulation of brain region-specific microglia clearance activity.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41593-018-0192-3
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发表时间:
2018-08
影响因子:
25
通讯作者:
Schaefer A
Schaefer A
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ayata P;Badimon A;Strasburger HJ;Duff MK;Montgomery SE;Loh YE;Ebert A;Pimenova AA;Ramirez BR;Chan AT;Sullivan JM;Purushothaman I;Scarpa JR;Goate AM;Busslinger M;Shen L;Losic B;Schaefer A

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The rapid elimination of dying neurons and non-functional synapses in the brain is carried out by microglia, the resident myeloid cells of the brain. Here we show that microglia clearance activity in the adult brain is regionally regulated and depends on the rate of neuronal attrition. Cerebellar, but not striatal or cortical, microglia exhibited high levels of basal clearance activity, which correlated with an elevated degree of cerebellar neuronal attrition. Exposing forebrain microglia to apoptotic cells activated gene expression programs supporting clearance activity. We provide evidence that the Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) epigenetically restricts the expression of genes that support clearance activity in striatal and cortical microglia. Loss of PRC2 led to the aberrant activation of a microglia clearance phenotype, which triggers changes in neuronal morphology and behavior. Our data highlight a key role of epigenetic mechanisms in preventing microglia-induced neuronal alterations that are frequently associated with neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases.
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