Preschoolers can infer general rules governing fantastical events in fiction.

Preschoolers can infer general rules governing fantastical events in fiction.
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学龄前儿童可以推断出小说中奇幻事件的一般规则。

DOI:
10.1037/a0035717
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Ori Friedman
Ori Friedman
中科院分区:
心理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Julia W. Van de Vondervoort;Ori Friedman

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年幼的孩子经常接触奇幻小说。他们如何理解此类小说中发生的不切实际和不可能的事件?尽管儿童可以将此类事件视为孤立的事件,但目前的实验表明儿童使用此类事件来推断一般的幻想规则。在 2 个实验中,向 2 至 4 岁儿童展示了 2 只动物表现不切实际的场景(实验 1 中 N = 78,实验 2 中 N = 94)。当被要求预测小说中其他动物的行为时,孩子们预测了与小说性质一致的新颖行为。这些发现表明,学龄前儿童可以推断出奇幻小说中的事件和实体的一般规则,并可以使用这些规则来预测小说中会发生什么事件。研究结果还提供证据表明,儿童可能会在比基本水平更高的水平上推断幻想规则。
Young children are frequently exposed to fantastic fiction. How do they make sense of the unrealistic and impossible events that occur in such fiction? Although children could view such events as isolated episodes, the present experiments suggest that children use such events to infer general fantasy rules. In 2 experiments, 2- to 4-year-olds were shown scenarios in which 2 animals behaved unrealistically (N = 78 in Experiment 1, N = 94 in Experiment 2). When asked to predict how other animals in the fiction would behave, children predicted novel behaviors consistent with the nature of the fiction. These findings suggest that preschoolers can infer the general rules that govern the events and entities in fantastic fiction and can use these rules to predict what events will happen in the fiction. The findings also provide evidence that children may infer fantasy rules at a more superordinate level than the basic level.
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发表时间: 2010
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