Common fear molecules induce defensive responses in marine prey across trophic levels

Common fear molecules induce defensive responses in marine prey across trophic levels
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常见的恐惧分子在不同营养级别的海洋猎物中诱导防御反应

DOI:
10.1007/s00442-023-05438-2
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
Weissburg, Marc J.
Weissburg, Marc J.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Roney, Sarah H.;Cepeda, Marisa R.;Belgrad, Benjamin A.;Moore, Samuel G.;Smee, Delbert L.;Kubanek, Julia;Weissburg, Marc J.

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捕食者与猎物之间的相互作用是生态系统的一个关键特征,通常是化学介导的,个体通过检测环境中的分子来告知他们是应该攻击还是防御。这些分子在很大程度上是未知的,它们的发现对于确定它们在复杂营养系统中的生态作用非常重要。Homarine和Trigonelline是两种先前发现的蓝蟹(Callinectes sapidus)尿液代谢物,导致泥蟹(Panopeus herbstii)寻求庇护,但不知道这些分子是否会影响这个牡蛎礁系统中的其他物种。在当前的研究中,对幼年牡蛎(Crassostrea virginica)进行了Homarine、Trigonelline和蓝蟹尿液测试,以确定已知改变泥蟹行为的相同分子是否也影响幼年牡蛎形态,从而介导多面手捕食者之间的相互作用,中型捕食者和基础猎物物种。牡蛎青少年加强他们的壳在蓝蟹尿,当暴露于homarine和胡芦巴碱的组合,特别是在较高的浓度。这项研究建立在以前的工作,以确定特定的分子从一个通才捕食者的尿液诱导防御反应的两个海洋猎物从不同的类群和营养水平,支持共同的恐惧分子存在于生态系统的假设。
Predator–prey interactions are a key feature of ecosystems and often chemically mediated, whereby individuals detect molecules in their environment that inform whether they should attack or defend. These molecules are largely unidentified, and their discovery is important for determining their ecological role in complex trophic systems. Homarine and trigonelline are two previously identified blue crab (Callinectes sapidus)urinary metabolites that cause mud crabs (Panopeus herbstii)to seek refuge, but it was unknown whether these molecules influence other species within this oyster reef system. In the current study, homarine, trigonelline, and blue crab urine were tested on juvenile oysters (Crassostrea virginica) to ascertain if the same molecules known to alter mud crab behavior also affect juvenile oyster morphology, thus mediating interactions between a generalist predator, a mesopredator, and a basal prey species. Oyster juveniles strengthened their shells in response to blue crab urine and when exposed to homarine and trigonelline in combination, especially at higher concentrations. This study builds upon previous work to pinpoint specific molecules from a generalist predator’s urine that induce defensive responses in two marine prey from different taxa and trophic levels, supporting the hypothesis that common fear molecules exist in ecological systems.
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