Testing the accuracy of an observation-based classifier for rapid detection of autism risk.
Testing the accuracy of an observation-based classifier for rapid detection of autism risk.
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DOI：
10.1038/tp.2014.65
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发表时间：
2014-08-12
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Wall DP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duda M;Kosmicki JA;Wall DP
目前诊断自闭症的方法具有很高的诊断有效性，但很耗时，并且可能导致官方诊断的延迟。在一项试点研究中，我们使用机器学习来推导出一个分类器，该分类器的长度比金标准自闭症诊断观察计划-通用（ADOS-G）减少了72%，同时保留了>97%的统计准确性。这项试点研究集中在一个相对较小的样本，有自闭症和没有自闭症的儿童。本研究旨在进一步测试的分类器（称为基于观察的分类器（OBC））的准确性上的2616名儿童评分使用ADOS从5个数据库，包括频谱（n=2333）和非频谱（n=283）个人的独立样本。我们根据原始和当前ADOS算法提供的结局、最佳估计临床诊断以及与ADOS-2相关的比较评分严重程度指标测试了OBC结局。OBC与ADOS-G（r=-0.814）和ADOS-2（r=-0.779）显著相关，与两种ADOS算法评分相比，其敏感性>97%，特异性>77%。与最佳估计临床诊断的对应性也很高（准确性=96.8%），敏感性为97.1%，特异性为83.3%。OBC评分和比较评分之间的相关性显著（r=-0.628），表明OBC提供了分类以及表型严重程度的测量。这些结果进一步证明了OBC的准确性，并表明减少检测和监测自闭症的过程是可能的。
Current approaches for diagnosing autism have high diagnostic validity but are time consuming and can contribute to delays in arriving at an official diagnosis. In a pilot study, we used machine learning to derive a classifier that represented a 72% reduction in length from the gold-standard Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Generic (ADOS-G), while retaining >97% statistical accuracy. The pilot study focused on a relatively small sample of children with and without autism. The present study sought to further test the accuracy of the classifier (termed the observation-based classifier (OBC)) on an independent sample of 2616 children scored using ADOS from five data repositories and including both spectrum (n=2333) and non-spectrum (n=283) individuals. We tested OBC outcomes against the outcomes provided by the original and current ADOS algorithms, the best estimate clinical diagnosis, and the comparison score severity metric associated with ADOS-2. The OBC was significantly correlated with the ADOS-G (r=−0.814) and ADOS-2 (r=−0.779) and exhibited >97% sensitivity and >77% specificity in comparison to both ADOS algorithm scores. The correspondence to the best estimate clinical diagnosis was also high (accuracy=96.8%), with sensitivity of 97.1% and specificity of 83.3%. The correlation between the OBC score and the comparison score was significant (r=−0.628), suggesting that the OBC provides both a classification as well as a measure of severity of the phenotype. These results further demonstrate the accuracy of the OBC and suggest that reductions in the process of detecting and monitoring autism are possible.
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影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Gotham, Katherine;Pickles, Andrew;Lord, Catherine
通讯作者：
Lord, Catherine
自闭症诊断观察表： 提高诊断有效性的修订算法
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Gotham, Katherine;Risi, Susan;Lord, Catherine
通讯作者：
Lord, Catherine
影响因子：
6.8
作者：
Wall DP;Kosmicki J;Deluca TF;Harstad E;Fusaro VA
通讯作者：
Fusaro VA
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Lord, C;Risi, S;Rutter, M
通讯作者：
Rutter, M
影响因子：
8
作者：
Gotham, Katherine;Pickles, Andrew;Lord, Catherine
通讯作者：
Lord, Catherine