Reduced amygdala response in youths with disruptive behavior disorders and psychopathic traits: decreased emotional response versus increased top-down attention to nonemotional features.
Reduced amygdala response in youths with disruptive behavior disorders and psychopathic traits: decreased emotional response versus increased top-down attention to nonemotional features.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.11081270
复制
发表时间：
2012-07
影响因子：
17.7
通讯作者：
Blair, R. James R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
White, Stuart F.;Marsh, Abigail A.;Fowler, Katherine A.;Schechter, Julia C.;Adalio, Christopher;Pope, Kayla;Sinclair, Stephen;Pine, Daniel S.;Blair, R. James R.
据报道，具有精神病态特征的青少年和成年人存在杏仁核功能障碍。然而，对于这种功能障碍是反映了原发性的情感缺陷，还是继发于非典型的注意力控制，存在分歧。作者检验了相互矛盾的预测的有效性。
参与者包括15名患有破坏性行为障碍和精神病态特征的儿童和青少年（年龄10 - 17岁）以及17名健康的对照青少年。功能性磁共振成像被用于评估杏仁核以及与自上而下的注意力控制有关的区域（背内侧和外侧额叶皮质）在高注意力负荷和低注意力负荷条件下对情绪表达的反应。
与患有破坏性行为障碍和精神病态特征的青少年相比，健康对照受试者在低注意力负荷相对于高注意力负荷条件下，对恐惧表情的典型杏仁核反应显著增强。在低注意力负荷下对恐惧表情的反应与精神病态特征中的冷酷无情成分（而非自恋或冲动成分）之间也存在选择性的负相关关系。相比之下，两组在根据注意力负荷显著调用背内侧和外侧额叶皮质方面没有差异。
患有破坏性行为障碍和精神病态特征的青少年在低注意力负荷下对恐惧表情的杏仁核反应减弱，但没有迹象表明自上而下的注意力控制相关区域的调用增加。这些发现表明，在患有破坏性行为障碍和精神病态特征的青少年中观察到的情感缺陷是原发性的，而不是由于对非情感刺激特征的自上而下的注意力增加所致。
Amygdala dysfunction has been reported to exist in youths and adults with psychopathic traits. However, there has been disagreement as to whether this dysfunction reflects a primary emotional deficit or is secondary to atypical attentional control. The authors examined the validity of the contrasting predictions. Participants were 15 children and adolescents (ages 10–17 years) with both disruptive behavior disorders and psychopathic traits and 17 healthy comparison youths. Functional MRI was used to assess the response of the amygdala and regions implicated in top-down attentional control (the dorsomedial and lateral frontal cortices) to emotional expression under conditions of high and low attentional load. Relative to youths with disruptive behavior disorders and psychopathic traits, healthy comparison subjects showed a significantly greater increase in the typical amygdala response to fearful expressions under low relative to high attentional load conditions. There was also a selective inverse relationship between the response to fearful expressions under low attentional load and the callous-unemotional component (but not the narcissism or impulsivity component) of psychopathic traits. In contrast, the two groups did not differ in the significant recruitment of the dorsomedial and lateral frontal cortices as a function of attentional load. Youths with disruptive behavior disorders and psychopathic traits showed reduced amygdala responses to fearful expressions under low attentional load but no indications of increased recruitment of regions implicated in top-down attentional control. These findings suggest that the emotional deficit observed in youths with disruptive behavior disorders and psychopathic traits is primary and not secondary to increased top-down attention to nonemotional stimulus features.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Baskin-Sommers AR;Curtin JJ;Newman JP
通讯作者：
Newman JP
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Lorenz, Amanda R.;Newman, Joseph P.
通讯作者：
Newman, Joseph P.
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Blair, RJR
通讯作者：
Blair, RJR
精神病、注意力和情绪。
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Blair RJ;Mitchell DG
通讯作者：
Mitchell DG
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Kimonis, Eva R.;Frick, Paul J.;Aucoin, Katherine J.
通讯作者：
Aucoin, Katherine J.