Specifying the attentional selection that moderates the fearlessness of psychopathic offenders.
Specifying the attentional selection that moderates the fearlessness of psychopathic offenders.
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DOI：
10.1177/0956797610396227
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发表时间：
2011-02
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Newman JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baskin-Sommers AR;Curtin JJ;Newman JP
我们先前的研究表明，与精神病态相关的恐惧缺失涉及注意力异常，这种异常会削弱对周边信息的敏感性。在本研究中，我们在一个由87名囚犯组成的新样本中明确了这种由注意力介导的异常，这些囚犯使用黑尔修订版精神病态检查表进行了评估。我们在四种条件下测量了恐惧增强惊跳反应（FPS），这四种条件是将注意力焦点（威胁与替代物）与威胁线索的早期呈现和晚期呈现进行交叉组合。FPS中的精神病态缺失仅在早期替代焦点条件下明显，在该条件下，在建立替代目标导向焦点之后呈现威胁线索。此外，在晚期替代焦点条件下，精神病态与工作记忆容量相互作用，这表明精神病态程度高且工作记忆容量大的个体能够维持一种与设定相关的替代焦点，从而降低FPS。这些结果不仅提供了新的证据，表明注意力调节精神病态个体的无畏性，而且还暗示早期注意力瓶颈是精神病态中反应调节缺陷的近端机制。
Our previous research demonstrated that psychopathy-related fear deficits involve abnormalities in attention that undermine sensitivity to peripheral information. In the present study, we specified this attention-mediated abnormality in a new sample of 87 prisoners assessed with Hare's Psychopathy Checklist-Revised. We measured fear-potentiated startle (FPS) under four conditions that crossed attentional focus (threat vs. alternative) with early versus late presentation of threat cues. The psychopathic deficit in FPS was apparent only in the early-alternative-focus condition, in which threat cues were presented after the alternative goal-directed focus was established. Furthermore, psychopathy interacted with working memory capacity in the late-alternative-focus condition, which suggests that individuals high in psychopathy and working memory capacity were able to maintain a set-related alternative focus that reduced FPS. The results not only provide new evidence that attention moderates the fearlessness of psychopathic individuals, but also implicate an early attention bottleneck as a proximal mechanism for deficient response modulation in psychopathy.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Baskin-Sommers AR;Newman JP;Sathasivam N;Curtin JJ
通讯作者：
Curtin JJ
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
JUTAI, JW;HARE, RD
通讯作者：
HARE, RD
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
KOSSON, DS;NEWMAN, JP
通讯作者：
NEWMAN, JP
DOI：
10.3758/bf03195503
发表时间：
2003-02-01
期刊：
BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS INSTRUMENTS & COMPUTERS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Forster, KI;Forster, JC
通讯作者：
Forster, JC
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Hiatt, KD;Schmitt, WA;Newman, JP
通讯作者：
Newman, JP