Generalizability and representativeness: Considerations for internet-based research on substance use behaviors.
Generalizability and representativeness: Considerations for internet-based research on substance use behaviors.
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DOI：
10.1037/pha0000581
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发表时间：
2022-08
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Borodovsky, Jacob T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Borodovsky, Jacob T.
人们经常使用基于互联网的非概率样本来研究物质使用。如果不清楚两个关键概念：概括性和代表性，很难评估这些样本的效用。本文的第一部分(1)对这两个概念之间的区别和关系提供了一个特定的观点，(2)建议有目的（即非概率）样本，如果仔细使用，可以用来构建有效的科学概括，(3)探讨了改变样本异质性的抽样决策的一些分析结果。本文的第二部分探讨了基于互联网的物质使用行为抽样与第一部分讨论的概念之间的重叠。具体而言，第二部分回顾了相关文献，并对基于互联网的大麻使用数据集进行了示例分析，以突出(1)基于互联网的抽样的优势和劣势，以及(2)给定在线平台的独特元素（例如，访问平台的主要动机）和所研究的物质（例如，社会污名程度）如何可能告知边界、警告、限定词的类型，这些限制被纳入到基于数据的概括中。
Substance use is frequently studied using non-probability internet-based samples. It is difficult to evaluate the utility of these samples without a clear understanding of two key concepts: generalizability and representativeness. Part one of this paper (1) offers a particular viewpoint on the distinctions and relations between these two concepts, (2) suggests that purposive (i.e., non-probability) samples, when used carefully, can be used to construct valid scientific generalizations, and (3) explores some analytical consequences of sampling decisions that change sample heterogeneity. Part two of this paper explores the overlap between internet-based sampling of substance use behaviors and the concepts discussed in part one. Specifically, part two reviews relevant literature and presents example analyses of an internet-based cannabis use dataset to highlight (1) strengths and weaknesses of internet-based sampling and (2) how unique elements of a given online platform (e.g., primary motive for visiting the platform) and the substance being studied (e.g., degree of societal stigma) might inform the types of boundaries, caveats, qualifiers, and limitations that are incorporated into a generalization crafted based on the data.
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