Water‐Use Data in the United States: Challenges and Future Directions

Water‐Use Data in the United States: Challenges and Future Directions
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美国的水数据使用:挑战和未来方向

DOI:
10.1111/1752-1688.13004
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Prairie, James
Prairie, James
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Marston, Landon T.;Abdallah, Adel M.;Bagstad, Kenneth J.;Dickson, Kerim;Glynn, Pierre;Larsen, Sara G.;Melton, Forrest S.;Onda, Kyle;Painter, Jaime A.;Prairie, James

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在美国,更多的注意力放在发展水供应和量化可用的沃茨,而不是确定谁用水,他们提取和消耗多少水,以及如何和在哪里用水。由于气候日益多变、土地利用不断变化以及水需求不断增长,水供应受到压力,因此必须更多地考虑水平衡方程的需求侧。关于不同用途用水的空间和时间方面的数据现在对长期供水规划和资源管理至关重要。我们详细介绍了水资源利用数据的现状,参与其收集和应用的主要利益相关者,以及获得适用于各种规模和目的的高质量全国一致数据的挑战。概述了改善用水数据的获取、使用和共享的机会。我们的愿景是建立一个世界级的国家用水数据产品,该产品可访问,及时,空间详细。我们的愿景将利用现有的地方,州和联邦机构的优势,以促进快速和明智的决策,建模和水资源科学。为了告知未来有关水资源供应和使用的决策,我们必须协调努力,大幅提高我们收集,建模和传播水资源使用数据的能力。
In the United States, greater attention has been given to developing water supplies and quantifying available waters than determining who uses water, how much they withdraw and consume, and how and where water use occurs. As water supplies are stressed due to an increasingly variable climate, changing land‐use, and growing water needs, greater consideration of the demand side of the water balance equation is essential. Data about the spatial and temporal aspects of water use for different purposes are now critical to long‐term water supply planning and resource management. We detail the current state of water‐use data, the major stakeholders involved in their collection and applications, and the challenges in obtaining high‐quality nationally consistent data applicable to a range of scales and purposes. Opportunities to improve access, use, and sharing of water‐use data are outlined. We cast a vision for a world‐class national water‐use data product that is accessible, timely, and spatially detailed. Our vision will leverage the strengths of existing local, state, and federal agencies to facilitate rapid and informed decision‐making, modeling, and science for water resources. To inform future decision‐making regarding water supplies and uses, we must coordinate efforts to substantially improve our capacity to collect, model, and disseminate water‐use data.
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