How sweet it is! Cell wall biogenesis and polysaccharide capsule formation in Cryptococcus neoformans.

How sweet it is! Cell wall biogenesis and polysaccharide capsule formation in Cryptococcus neoformans.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev.micro.62.081307.162753
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发表时间:
2009
影响因子:
10.5
通讯作者:
Doering TL
Doering TL
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Doering TL

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新型隐球菌是一种致病性真菌负责严重的机会性感染。这种酵母最突出的特征是其精心制作的多糖胶囊,这是一种毒性所需的复杂结构。胶囊与细胞壁密切相关,细胞壁位于胶囊之下,并在潜在的恶劣环境中为生物体提供力量和灵活性。这两种结构都主要由多糖组成,这让我们得以一窥天然碳水化合物结构固有的巨大变化及其多种生物学功能。细胞壁和囊生物合成和组装的步骤提出了代谢、酶学、细胞生物学和调节的迷人问题;答案具有治疗致命感染的潜在应用。本文综述了隐球菌细胞壁和荚膜生物合成的现有知识以及未来存在的突出问题。
Cryptococcus neoformans is a pathogenic fungus responsible for severe opportunistic infections. The most prominent feature of this yeast is its elaborate polysaccharide capsule, a complex structure that is required for virulence. The capsule is intimately associated with the cell wall, which underlies the capsule and offers the organism strength and flexibility in potentially hostile environments. Both structures are primarily composed of polysaccharides, offering a glimpse of the tremendous variation inherent in natural carbohydrate structures and their multiple biological functions. The steps in cell wall and capsule biosynthesis and assembly pose fascinating questions of metabolism, enzymology, cell biology, and regulation; the answers have potential application to treatment of a deadly infection. This article reviews current knowledge of cryptococcal cell wall and capsule biosynthesis and outstanding questions for the future.
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