Cdk9 T-loop phosphorylation is regulated by the calcium signaling pathway.

Cdk9 T-loop phosphorylation is regulated by the calcium signaling pathway.
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DOI:
10.1002/jcp.22760
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发表时间:
2012-02
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Rice, Andrew P.
Rice, Andrew P.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ramakrishnan, Rajesh;Rice, Andrew P.

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真核RNA聚合酶II转录延伸是一个严格调控的过程,依赖于正转录延伸因子-b (P-TEFb)。核心P-TEFb复合物由Cdk9和Cyclin T组成,对大多数蛋白质编码基因的表达至关重要。Cdk9激酶的功能依赖于其t环中Thr186的磷酸化。在这项研究中,我们研究了影响Cdk9 t环磷酸化的激酶和信号通路。在HeLa细胞中使用RNAi筛选,我们发现Cdk9 t环磷酸化是由钙/钙调蛋白依赖性激酶1D (CaMK1D)调节的。在HeLa细胞和原发CD4+ T淋巴细胞中使用小分子抑制剂,我们发现Ca2+信号通路是Cdk9 T环磷酸化所必需的。Ca2+信号的抑制导致Thr186对Cdk9的去磷酸化。在报告质粒试验中,Ca2+信号通路的抑制抑制了PCNA启动子和HIV-1 LTR的Tat转激活,但不抑制HTLV-1 LTR的HTLV-1 Tax转激活,这表明Ca2+通路的扰动和Cdk9 t环磷酸化的减少抑制了对P-TEFb功能有严格要求的转录单位。
Eukaryotic RNA polymerase II transcriptional elongation is a tightly regulated process and is dependent upon positive transcription elongation factor-b (P-TEFb). The core P-TEFb complex is composed of Cdk9 and Cyclin T and is essential for the expression of most protein coding genes. Cdk9 kinase function is dependent upon phosphorylation of Thr186 in its T-loop. In this study, we examined kinases and signaling pathways that influence Cdk9 T-loop phosphorylation. Using an RNAi screen in HeLa cells, we found that Cdk9 T-loop phosphorylation is regulated by Calcium/Calmodulin- dependent kinase 1D (CaMK1D). Using small molecules inhibitors in HeLa cells and primary CD4+ T lymphocytes, we found that the Ca2+ signaling pathway is required for Cdk9 T-loop phosphorylation. Inhibition of Ca2+ signaling led to dephosphorylation of Thr186 on Cdk9. In reporter plasmid assays, inhibition of the Ca2+ signaling pathway repressed the PCNA promoter and HIV-1 Tat transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR, but not HTLV-1 Tax transactivation of the HTLV-1 LTR, suggesting that perturbation of the Ca2+ pathway and reduction of Cdk9 T-loop phosphorylation inhibits transcription units that have a rigorous requirement for P-TEFb function.
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