The life cycle of meridional heat flux peaks.
The life cycle of meridional heat flux peaks.
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DOI：
10.1002/qj.4249
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发表时间：
2022-04
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Messori, Gabriele
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marcheggiani, Andrea;Ambaum, Maarten H. P.;Messori, Gabriele
对流层低层的纬向风和气温之间的协方差量化了大气中干静态能量的向极通量;在中纬度地区，这主要是由斜压天气系统实现的。结果表明，温度和纬向风之间的强协方差来自增强的相关性和增强的方差，并且两者根据类似于生命周期的独特时间结构演变。从低相关性和方差的状态开始，首先是在恒定的高相关性下逐渐建立模态增长，然后是在相对较低的相关性值下快速衰减。这种生命周期的演变在海洋区域最为明显，不能用纯粹的统计理由来解释。我们发现，局部峰值的纬向热通量并不完全与个别天气系统的行动，并可以影响大气环流在更大的长度尺度上通过波传播沿着波导。在本文中，我们探讨了导致纬向热通量峰值的动力学机制，并将其置于纬向风-温度协方差的生命周期内。我们发现，相关性的增加和随后的方差放大平均与斜压系统的发展，Rossby波的传播，更普遍的是，北大西洋风暴轴的生命周期。
Covariance between meridional wind and air temperature in the lower troposphere quantifies the poleward flux of dry static energy in the atmosphere; in the midlatitudes, this is primarily realised by baroclinic weather systems. It is shown that strong covariance between temperature and meridional wind results from both enhanced correlation and enhanced variance, and that the two evolve according to a distinct temporal structure akin to a life‐cycle. Starting from a state of low correlation and variance, there is first a gradual build‐up to modal growth at constant, high correlation, followed by a rapid decay at relatively low correlation values. This life‐cycle evolution is observed most markedly over oceanic regions, and cannot be explained on purely statistical grounds. We find that local peaks of meridional heat flux are not exclusively linked to the action of individual weather systems and can affect the atmospheric circulation on larger length‐scales through wave propagation along waveguides. In this paper, we explore the dynamical mechanisms that lead to meridional heat flux peaks and we contextualise them within the life cycle of meridional‐wind—temperature covariance. We find that an increase in correlation and subsequent amplification of variances are associated on average with baroclinic system development, Rossby waves propagation and, more generally, the North Atlantic storm track life cycle.
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