Longitudinal assessment of neuropsychological and temporal/spatial gait characteristics of elderly fallers: taking it all in stride.
Longitudinal assessment of neuropsychological and temporal/spatial gait characteristics of elderly fallers: taking it all in stride.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnagi.2015.00034
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Keller JN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MacAulay RK;Allaire TD;Brouillette RM;Foil HC;Bruce-Keller AJ;Han H;Johnson WD;Keller JN
步态异常与老年人的认知能力下降和跌倒风险增加有关。本研究通过纵向研究老年“跌倒者”和“非跌倒者”的步态、认知功能、年龄和下肢力量的时间和空间方面之间的相互作用，解决了文献中横断面研究的差距。步态特征，神经心理学和物理测试性能进行了检查，在两个时间点间隔一年，在认知功能完好的个人年龄在60岁及以上（N = 416）。混合模型重复测量ANCOVA检查的时间（步时间）和空间（步长）步态特征在一个简单的认知负荷行走任务的跌倒者相比，非跌倒者。跌倒者一致表现出显着的变化，在空间，但不是时间，步态方面相比，非跌倒者在两个行走任务。在双重任务中，所有参与者的步幅缩短，步速变慢。短的步幅和较慢的步时间在双重任务都预测较差的执行注意力/处理速度的性能。总之，分散注意力显著影响“跌倒者”步态的空间方面，这表明步长变化可能先于其他神经心理学和步态特征的下降，从而选择性地增加跌倒风险。我们的研究结果表明，整合物理和认知补救策略的多模式干预方法可能会增加跌倒风险干预的有效性。
Gait abnormalities are linked to cognitive decline and an increased fall risk within older adults. The present study addressed gaps from cross-sectional studies in the literature by longitudinally examining the interplay between temporal and spatial aspects of gait, cognitive function, age, and lower-extremity strength in elderly “fallers” and “non-fallers”. Gait characteristics, neuropsychological and physical test performance were examined at two time points spaced a year apart in cognitively intact individuals aged 60 and older (N = 416). Mixed-model repeated-measure ANCOVAs examined temporal (step time) and spatial (stride length) gait characteristics during a simple and cognitive-load walking task in fallers as compared to non-fallers. Fallers consistently demonstrated significant alterations in spatial, but not temporal, aspects of gait as compared to non-fallers during both walking tasks. Step time became slower as stride length shortened amongst all participants during the dual task. Shorter strides and slower step times during the dual task were both predicted by worse executive attention/processing speed performance. In summary, divided attention significantly impacts spatial aspects of gait in “fallers”, suggesting stride length changes may precede declines in other neuropsychological and gait characteristics, thereby selectively increasing fall risk. Our results indicate that multimodal intervention approaches that integrate physical and cognitive remediation strategies may increase the effectiveness of fall risk interventions.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53455.x
发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Lamb, SE;Jorstad-Stein, EC;Becker, C
通讯作者：
Becker, C
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
MacAulay, Rebecca K.;Brouillette, Robert M.;Keller, Jeffrey N.
通讯作者：
Keller, Jeffrey N.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Bilney, B;Morris, M;Webster, K
通讯作者：
Webster, K
影响因子：
11
作者：
Verghese, Joe;Wang, Cuiling;Xue, Xiaonan
通讯作者：
Xue, Xiaonan
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Buracchio, Teresa J.;Mattek, Nora C.;Kaye, Jeffrey A.
通讯作者：
Kaye, Jeffrey A.