A possible mechanism for the suppression of Plasmodium berghei development in the mosquito Anopheles gambiae by the microsporidian Vavraia culicis.
A possible mechanism for the suppression of Plasmodium berghei development in the mosquito Anopheles gambiae by the microsporidian Vavraia culicis.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0004676
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Koella JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bargielowski I;Koella JC
蚊子的微孢子虫寄生虫提供了一种控制疟疾的可能方法，因为它们阻碍了蚊子体内疟原虫寄生虫的发育。该干扰过程涉及的机制尚不清楚。我们评估了微孢子虫幼虫感染启动成年蚊子免疫系统的可能性，从而实现更有效的抗疟原虫反应。为此，我们用 4 种微孢子虫 Vavraia culicis 分离株中的一种感染冈比亚按蚊 2 天大的幼虫，并饲养一组作为未感染的对照。在每次治疗中，我们用伯氏疟原虫和血液的混合物喂养一半成年雌性蚊子，并用带负电荷的 CM-25 Sephadex 珠接种另一半，以评估蚊子的黑化反应。如果疟疾寄生虫确实比对照蚊子发育和使葡聚糖珠黑色化程度更高（73% 对 35%），则受微孢子虫感染的蚊子携带卵囊的可能性较小（58.5% 对 81.8%），并且携带较少的卵囊（8.9 个卵囊对 20.7 个卵囊）。虽然分离株在卵囊数量和黑化反应方面存在差异，但免疫反应的刺激与疟疾发展的任一指标均不相关。然而，感染微孢子虫的蚊子和未感染的蚊子之间的一致差异——更有效的黑化和不太成功的疟疾感染——表明微孢子虫通过启动蚊子的免疫系统来阻止疟疾的发展。
Microsporidian parasites of mosquitoes offer a possible way of controlling malaria, as they impede the development of Plasmodium parasites within the mosquito. The mechanism involved in this interference process is unknown. We evaluated the possibility that larval infection by a microsporidian primes the immune system of adult mosquitoes in a way that enables a more effective anti-Plasmodium response. To do so, we infected 2-day old larvae of the mosquito Anopheles gambiae with one of 4 isolates of the microsporidian Vavraia culicis and reared one group as an uninfected control. Within each treatment, we fed half the adult females on a mix of P. berghei ookinetes and blood and inoculated the other half with a negatively charged CM-25 Sephadex bead to evaluate the mosquitoes' melanisation response. The microsporidian-infected mosquitoes were less likely to harbour oocysts (58.5% vs. 81.8%), harboured fewer oocysts (8.9 oocysts vs. 20.7 oocysts) if the malaria parasite did develop and melanised the Sephadex bead to a greater degree (73% vs. 35%) than the controls. While the isolates differed in the number of oocysts and in the melanisation response, the stimulation of the immune response was not correlated with either measure of malaria development. Nevertheless, the consistent difference between microsporidian-infected and –uninfected mosquitoes — more effective melanisation and less successful infection by malaria — suggests that microsporidians impede the development of malaria by priming the mosquito's immune system.
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影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Dong Y;Aguilar R;Xi Z;Warr E;Mongin E;Dimopoulos G
通讯作者：
Dimopoulos G
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Rivero, A.;Agnew, P.;Michalakis, Y.
通讯作者：
Michalakis, Y.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.95.10.5700
发表时间：
1998-05-12
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Luckhart, S;Vodovotz, Y;Rosenberg, R
通讯作者：
Rosenberg, R
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
PASKEWITZ, S;RIEHLE, MA
通讯作者：
RIEHLE, MA
影响因子：
2
作者：
SCHENKER, W;MAIER, WA;SEITZ, HM
通讯作者：
SEITZ, HM