Global scale phylogeography of functional traits and microdiversity in Prochlorococcus.

Global scale phylogeography of functional traits and microdiversity in Prochlorococcus.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41396-023-01469-y
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发表时间:
2023-10
期刊:
影响因子:
11
通讯作者:
Martiny, Adam C.
Martiny, Adam C.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ustick, Lucas J.;Larkin, Alyse A.;Martiny, Adam C.

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原绿球藻是海洋表层数量最多的光合生物。原绿球藻高光和温水适应生态型(HLII)由广泛的微多样性组成,但微多样性亚枝之间的具体功能差异尚不清楚。在这里,我们使用Bio-GO-SHIP宏基因组对HLII生态型的功能和系统发育多样性进行了表征。我们发现基因频率的广泛变异与当地环境条件有关。宏基因组组装标记基因和基因组揭示了一种全球分布的新型hli -P单倍型,其定义为适应慢性低磷条件(hli -P)。环境相关分析表明,不同因素对基因丰度的影响大于系统发育差异。对培养的HLII基因组和宏基因组组装基因组的分析显示,HLII中存在一个亚枝,该亚枝对应于新的HLII- p单倍型。这项工作代表了hii生态型的系统地理学和相应的功能差异的第一个全球评估。这些发现共同扩展了我们对微多样性如何结构功能差异的理解,并揭示了营养物质作为原绿球藻微多样性驱动因素的重要性。
Prochlorococcus is the most numerically abundant photosynthetic organism in the surface ocean. The Prochlorococcus high-light and warm-water adapted ecotype (HLII) is comprised of extensive microdiversity, but specific functional differences between microdiverse sub-clades remain elusive. Here we characterized both functional and phylogenetic diversity within the HLII ecotype using Bio-GO-SHIP metagenomes. We found widespread variation in gene frequency connected to local environmental conditions. Metagenome-assembled marker genes and genomes revealed a globally distributed novel HLII haplotype defined by adaptation to chronically low P conditions (HLII-P). Environmental correlation analysis revealed different factors were driving gene abundances verses phylogenetic differences. An analysis of cultured HLII genomes and metagenome-assembled genomes revealed a subclade within HLII, which corresponded to the novel HLII-P haplotype. This work represents the first global assessment of the HLII ecotype’s phylogeography and corresponding functional differences. These findings together expand our understanding of how microdiversity structures functional differences and reveals the importance of nutrients as drivers of microdiversity in Prochlorococcus.
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