Effects of age on cognitive control during semantic categorization.
Effects of age on cognitive control during semantic categorization.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2015.03.042
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Hart, John, Jr.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mudar, Raksha A.;Chiang, Hsueh-Sheng;Maguire, Mandy J.;Spence, Jeffrey S.;Eroh, Justin;Kraut, Michael A.;Hart, John, Jr.
我们使用事件相关电位（ERPs）研究年龄效应的知觉（基本水平）与知觉语义（上级水平）分类的认知控制使用去/不去范式。22名年轻人（11 M; 21±2.2岁）和22名老年人（9 M; 63±5.8岁）完成了两项视觉go/nogo任务。在单车任务（SiC）（基本），去/不去的反应是基于一辆车（去）和一只狗（不去）的单一样本。在客体动物任务（ObA）（上级）中，反应基于客体（go）和动物（nogo）的多个范例。每个任务由200次试验组成：160次（80%）“go”试验需要通过按下按钮进行响应，40次（20%）“nogo”试验需要抑制/保留响应。ERP数据显示，与年轻人相比，老年人的nogo-N2和nogo-P3振幅显着降低，而在两个分类任务中，两组的go-N2和go-P3振幅相当。虽然分类水平对行为数据和P3测量的影响在两组中相似，反应时间较长，准确性评分较低，P3潜伏期较长，ObA的P3振幅较低，与SiC相比，N2潜伏期显示年龄组差异由任务调节。与SiC相比，老年人ObA的N2潜伏期较长，相反，年轻人SiC和ObA之间没有N2潜伏期差异。总的来说，这些研究结果表明，年龄差异影响神经处理相关的认知控制在语义分类。此外，与年轻人不同，老年人的分类水平甚至在早期阶段就调节了与认知控制相关的神经处理（N2）。
We used event-related potentials (ERPs) to study age effects of perceptual (basic-level) vs. perceptual-semantic (superordinate-level) categorization on cognitive control using the go/nogo paradigm. Twenty-two younger (11 M; 21±2.2 years) and 22 older adults (9 M; 63±5.8 years) completed two visual go/nogo tasks. In the single car task (SiC) (basic), go/nogo responses were made based on single exemplars of a car (go) and a dog (nogo). In the object animal task (ObA) (superordinate), responses were based on multiple exemplars of objects (go) and animals (nogo). Each task consisted of 200 trials: 160 (80%) ‘go’ trials that required a response through button pressing and 40 (20%) ‘nogo’ trials that required inhibition/withholding of a response. ERP data revealed significantly reduced nogo-N2 and nogo-P3 amplitudes in older compared to younger adults, whereas go-N2 and go-P3 amplitudes were comparable in both groups during both categorization tasks. Although the effects of categorization levels on behavioral data and P3 measures were similar in both groups with longer response times, lower accuracy scores, longer P3 latencies, and lower P3 amplitudes in ObA compared to SiC, N2 latency revealed age group differences moderated by the task. Older adults had longer N2 latency for ObA compared to SiC, in contrast, younger adults showed no N2 latency difference between SiC and ObA. Overall, these findings suggest that age differentially affects neural processing related to cognitive control during semantic categorization. Furthermore, in older adults, unlike in younger adults, levels of categorization modulate neural processing related to cognitive control even at the early stages (N2).
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影响因子：
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