Retinoblastoma Intrinsically Regulates Niche Cell Quiescence, Identity, and Niche Number in the Adult Drosophila Testis.

Retinoblastoma Intrinsically Regulates Niche Cell Quiescence, Identity, and Niche Number in the Adult Drosophila Testis.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.celrep.2018.08.083
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发表时间:
2018-09-25
期刊:
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
Matunis EL
Matunis EL
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Greenspan LJ;Matunis EL

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成人组织的内稳态依赖于干细胞及其周围微环境或生态位的精确调节。本研究表明,细胞周期抑制剂和肿瘤抑制剂视网膜母细胞瘤(Retinoblastoma, RB)是睾丸果蝇生态位细胞的关键调节因子。睾丸包含一个由体细胞中心细胞组成的单一生态位,它向邻近的生殖细胞和体细胞干细胞发出信号。轮毂细胞通常是静止的,但在这些细胞中敲低RB同源Rbf会导致它们增殖并转化为体细胞干细胞。随着时间的推移,突变的中枢细胞簇扩大并分裂,形成被活性干细胞包围的异位中枢。此外,我们发现Rbf限制生态位数量的能力取决于转录因子E2F和Escargot以及粘附分子E-cadherin。总之,这项工作揭示了精确调节生态位细胞,而不仅仅是它们支持的干细胞,是如何驱动再生和疾病的。Greenspan和Matunis发现肿瘤抑制因子视网膜母细胞瘤(Retinoblastoma)在生态位细胞中是必需的,以维持细胞的静止、细胞命运和生态位数量。视网膜母细胞瘤的缺失导致生态位细胞分裂,转化为体细胞干细胞,并通过生态位裂变形成异位生态位,这表明生态位细胞的突变可能导致疾病。
Homeostasis in adult tissues depends on the precise regulation of stem cells and their surrounding microenvironments, or niches. Here, we show that the cell cycle inhibitor and tumor suppressor Retinoblastoma (RB) is a critical regulator of niche cells in the Drosophila testis. The testis contains a single niche, composed of somatic hub cells, that signals to adjacent germline and somatic stem cells. Hub cells are normally quiescent, but knockdown of the RB homolog Rbf in these cells causes them to proliferate and convert to somatic stem cells. Over time, mutant hub cell clusters enlarge and split apart, forming ectopic hubs surrounded by active stem cells. Furthermore, we show that Rbf’s ability to restrict niche number depends on the transcription factors E2F and Escargot and the adhesion molecule E-cadherin. Together this work reveals how precise modulation of niche cells, not only the stem cells they support, can drive regeneration and disease. Greenspan and Matunis find that the tumor suppressor Retinoblastoma is required in niche cells to maintain quiescence, cell fate, and niche number. Loss of Retinoblastoma causes niche cell divisions, conversion to somatic stem cells, and ectopic niche formation through niche fission, suggesting that mutations in niche cells may drive disease.
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