The Mechanistic Integration and Thermodynamic Optimality of a Nanomotor
The Mechanistic Integration and Thermodynamic Optimality of a Nanomotor
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纳米电机的机械集成和热力学优化
DOI：
10.3390/sym14020416
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发表时间：
2022-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ruizheng Hou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ruizheng Hou
人造纳米电机的性能仍远远落后于天然生物分子电机。这两个类别之间存在机械差异：人造马达通常依靠单一机制来纠正方向运动，但生物马达集成了多种机制以获得更好的性能。这项研究提出了一种电机轨道系统的设计，并表明，通过引入不对称复合足部轨道相互作用，选择性足部分离和偏置足部轨道绑定都由系统的力学产生。这两个机构自然地结合在一起，促进电机的运动向单向方向发展，而每个机构单独最多只能实现 50% 的方向保真度。根据报道的理论，电机的优化是通过最大化方向保真度来进行的。在优化过程中，电机的方向保真度通过参数得到提高，这些参数将更多的能量集中在驱动选择性脚分离和偏置绑定上，这反过来又促进了工作生产，因为两种能量通过附加的负载转换为工作。然而，由于速度和方向保真度之间的激烈竞争，优化后电机的速度可能会显着下降，从而导致速度与方向保真度之间的权衡。作为案例研究，这些结果测试了电机性能之间的热力学相关性，并表明方向保真度是电机优化的重要参数。
The performance of artificial nanomotors is still far behind nature-made biomolecular motors. A mechanistic disparity between the two categories exists: artificial motors often rely on a single mechanism to rectify directional motion, but biomotors integrate multiple mechanisms for better performance. This study proposes a design for a motor-track system and shows that by introducing asymmetric compound foot-track interactions, both selective foot detachment and biased foot-track binding arise from the mechanics of the system. The two mechanisms are naturally integrated to promote the motility of the motor towards being unidirectional, while each mechanism alone only achieves 50% directional fidelity at most. Based on a reported theory, the optimization of the motor is conducted via maximizing the directional fidelity. Along the optimization, the directional fidelity of the motor is raised by parameters that concentrate more energy on driving selective-foot detachment and biased binding, which in turn promotes work production due to the two energies converting to work via a load attached. However, the speed of the motor can drop significantly after the optimization because of energetic competition between speed and directional fidelity, which causes a speed-directional fidelity tradeoff. As a case study, these results test thermodynamic correlation between the performances of a motor and suggest that directional fidelity is an important quantity for motor optimization.
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aao7294
发表时间：
2017-12-22
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Salcedo A;Rutter W;Wang S;Akhunova A;Bolus S;Chao S;Anderson N;De Soto MF;Rouse M;Szabo L;Bowden RL;Dubcovsky J;Akhunov E
通讯作者：
Akhunov E
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Zhisong Wang;K. Plaxco;D. Makarov
通讯作者：
Zhisong Wang;K. Plaxco;D. Makarov
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Visscher, K;Schnitzer, MJ;Block, SM
通讯作者：
Block, SM
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Erbas-Cakmak, Sundus;Fielden, Stephen D. P.;Wilson, Miriam R.
通讯作者：
Wilson, Miriam R.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Efremov, Artem;Wang, Zhisong
通讯作者：
Wang, Zhisong