Beyond symmetry-breaking: competition and negative feedback in GTPase regulation.

Beyond symmetry-breaking: competition and negative feedback in GTPase regulation.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tcb.2013.05.003
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发表时间:
2013-10
影响因子:
19
通讯作者:
Lew, Daniel J.
Lew, Daniel J.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wu, Chi-Fang;Lew, Daniel J.
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皮层区域通常由活性 GTP 酶的局部积累来指定。这些结构域可以通过自发对称性破缺而产生,表明 GTPase 积累是通过正反馈发生的。在这里,我们重点关注真菌和植物细胞模型的最新进展,其中新的研究表明极性控制 GTPase 只发展一个“前沿”,因为 GTPase 簇参与赢者通吃的竞争。然而,在某些情况下,两个或多个 GTPase 结构域可以共存,从竞争到共存的转变的基础仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。极性 GTP 酶可以经历振荡聚集和分散,表明这些系统包含负反馈。负反馈可以防止极性簇扩散得太远,调节竞争与共存之间的平衡,并为细胞跟踪梯度提供方向灵活性。
Cortical domains are often specified by the local accumulation of active GTPases. Such domains can arise through spontaneous symmetry breaking, suggesting that GTPase accumulation occurs via positive feedback. Here, we focus on recent advances in fungal and plant cell models, where new work suggests that polarity-controlling GTPases develop only one “front” because GTPase clusters engage in a winner-takes-all competition. However, in some circumstances two or more GTPase domains can co-exist, and the basis for the switch from competition to coexistence remains an open question. Polarity GTPases can undergo oscillatory clustering and dispersal, suggesting that these systems contain negative feedback. Negative feedback may prevent polarity clusters from spreading too far, regulate the balance between competition and co-existence, and provide directional flexibility for cells tracking gradients.
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