Towards a shared ontology: A generic classification of cognitive processes in conceptual design
Towards a shared ontology: A generic classification of cognitive processes in conceptual design
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迈向共享本体：概念设计中认知过程的通用分类
作者：
Hay L
针对设计认知研究中的本体论问题，本文提出了概念设计认知协议研究中认知过程的第一个一般分类。该分类基于对过去30年中发表的47项研究的系统回顾。设计认知的性质的三种观点概述（搜索，探索和设计活动），突出了相当大的差异，适用于描述认知的概念和术语。为了提供一个更统一的认知过程的观点，从根本上研究，我们映射协议研究中提供的认知过程的具体描述更通用的，在认知心理学文献中建立的定义。这揭示了一组6类认知过程，似乎是普遍研究，因此可能是普遍的概念设计：（1）长期记忆;（2）语义加工;（3）视觉感知;（4）心理意象加工;（5）创造性输出生产和（6）执行功能。类别及其构成过程在属分类中得到形式化。该分类为设计中的认知过程的通用共享本体论提供了基础，该本体论在概念上和术语上与认知心理学和神经科学的本体论一致。此外，本研究还强调了未来实证研究的6个关键途径：（1）情景记忆和语义记忆的作用;（2）语义过程的一致性定义;（3）从感知和心理意象的替代理论角度研究素描的作用;（4）工作记忆的作用;（5）综合的意义和性质;（6）在文献中其他地方概念设计中隐含的未识别的认知过程。
Towards addressing ontological issues in design cognition research, this paper presents the first generic classification of cognitive processes investigated in protocol studies on conceptual design cognition. The classification is based on a systematic review of 47 studies published over the past 30 years. Three viewpoints on the nature of design cognition are outlined (search, exploration and design activities), highlighting considerable differences in the concepts and terminology applied to describe cognition. To provide a more unified view of the cognitive processes fundamentally under study, we map specific descriptions of cognitive processes provided in protocol studies to more generic, established definitions in the cognitive psychology literature. This reveals a set of 6 categories of cognitive process that appear to be commonly studied and are therefore likely to be prevalent in conceptual design: (1) long-term memory; (2) semantic processing; (3) visual perception; (4) mental imagery processing; (5) creative output production and (6) executive functions. The categories and their constituent processes are formalised in the generic classification. The classification provides the basis for a generic, shared ontology of cognitive processes in design that is conceptually and terminologically consistent with the ontology of cognitive psychology and neuroscience. In addition, the work highlights 6 key avenues for future empirical research: (1) the role of episodic and semantic memory; (2) consistent definitions of semantic processes; (3) the role of sketching from alternative theoretical perspectives on perception and mental imagery; (4) the role of working memory; (5) the meaning and nature of synthesis and (6) unidentified cognitive processes implicated in conceptual design elsewhere in the literature.
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