Finding Fields: Locating Archaeological Agricultural Landscapes Using Historical Aerial Photographs

Finding Fields: Locating Archaeological Agricultural Landscapes Using Historical Aerial Photographs
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寻找田地:利用历史航空照片定位考古农业景观

DOI:
10.1017/aaq.2020.102
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
2.8
通讯作者:
Casana, Jesse
Casana, Jesse
中科院分区:
人文科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
McLeester, Madeleine;Casana, Jesse

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在 19 世纪末和 20 世纪初,威斯康星州有超过 450 个前哥伦布时代和历史悠久的土著农田被记录在案。如今,这些特征中的绝大多数通常被认为已被破坏。这项研究以中西部已知考古现场系统最集中的威斯康星河流域为重点,探讨了利用历史航空照片识别和解释考古农业特征的潜力。依靠国家遗址记录、1930 年代高分辨率航空图像档案和现代激光雷达数据,我们仔细检查了 59 个遗址周围的区域,这些遗址以前曾有过记录。在我们调查的四分之一地点,我们成功地识别出了已知和未记录的考古特征,包括农田、雕像土堆、土方工程和房屋盆地,其中大部分已被最近的土地使用实践所破坏。我们的分析揭示了考古景观的复杂性和丰富性,以及位于传统遗址边界之外的广阔农业空间,并表明前哥伦布时期和历史上的土著农田可能比传统理解的更大、更广泛。
During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, over 450 precolumbian and historic Indigenous agricultural fields were documented across the state of Wisconsin. Today, the vast majority of these features are generally assumed to have been destroyed. Focusing on the Wisconsin River basin, which has the highest concentration of known archaeological field systems in the Midwest, this study explores the potential of using historical aerial photographs to identify and interpret archaeological agricultural features. Relying on state site records, an archive of high-resolution 1930s aerial images, and modern lidar data, we carefully examine the region surrounding 59 sites where fields had previously been documented. At a quarter of the sites we investigated, we successfully identified both known and unrecorded archaeological features—including agricultural fields, effigy mounds, earthworks, and house basins—most of which have been destroyed by recent land use practices. Our analysis sheds light on the complexity and richness of the archaeological landscape, with vast agricultural spaces situated beyond traditional site boundaries, and suggests that precolumbian and historic Indigenous agricultural fields may have been much larger and more widespread than conventionally understood.
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