HopW1 from Pseudomonas syringae disrupts the actin cytoskeleton to promote virulence in Arabidopsis.
HopW1 from Pseudomonas syringae disrupts the actin cytoskeleton to promote virulence in Arabidopsis.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.ppat.1004232
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发表时间：
2014-06
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Greenberg JT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kang Y;Jelenska J;Cecchini NM;Li Y;Lee MW;Kovar DR;Greenberg JT
细胞外细菌病原体的毒力的中心机制是向宿主细胞中注射修饰宿主细胞功能的效应蛋白。HopW 1是由III型分泌系统注射的效应子，其增加植物病原体假单胞菌在拟南芥属的哥伦比亚登录上的生长。当由P. lingae递送到植物细胞中时，HopW 1引起丝状肌动蛋白（F-actin）网络的减少和内吞作用（一种已知的肌动蛋白依赖性过程）的抑制。当在植物中直接产生时，HopW 1与肌动蛋白形成复合物，破坏肌动蛋白细胞骨架并抑制内吞作用以及某些蛋白质向液泡的运输。HopW 1的C-末端区域可以减少肌动蛋白丝的长度，从而在体外增溶F-肌动蛋白。因此，HopW 1通过破坏肌动蛋白细胞骨架和依赖于肌动蛋白的细胞生物学过程来发挥作用，而肌动蛋白又是限制拟南芥生长所必需的。真核细胞需要动态肌动蛋白细胞骨架的基本功能，其中一些是重要的免疫反应。这些功能包括将细胞物质运输到不同的细胞区室和从不同的细胞区室运输细胞物质。植物病原体假单胞菌是细胞外的，并通过将效应蛋白注入植物细胞而引起疾病。其中一个效应子是HopW 1，它破坏肌动蛋白细胞骨架，减少细胞表面的囊泡和蛋白质的运输。HopW 1的作用可以使用抑制肌动蛋白聚合的药物来模拟。因此，这项工作建立了病原体破坏肌动蛋白细胞骨架的直接机制，并暗示肌动蛋白依赖性事件在感染过程中控制病原体生长的重要性。
A central mechanism of virulence of extracellular bacterial pathogens is the injection into host cells of effector proteins that modify host cellular functions. HopW1 is an effector injected by the type III secretion system that increases the growth of the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae on the Columbia accession of Arabidopsis. When delivered by P. syringae into plant cells, HopW1 causes a reduction in the filamentous actin (F-actin) network and the inhibition of endocytosis, a known actin-dependent process. When directly produced in plants, HopW1 forms complexes with actin, disrupts the actin cytoskeleton and inhibits endocytosis as well as the trafficking of certain proteins to vacuoles. The C-terminal region of HopW1 can reduce the length of actin filaments and therefore solubilize F-actin in vitro. Thus, HopW1 acts by disrupting the actin cytoskeleton and the cell biological processes that depend on actin, which in turn are needed for restricting P. syringae growth in Arabidopsis. Eukaryotic cells require a dynamic actin cytoskeleton for basic functions, some of which are important for immune responses. Such functions include the transport of cellular material to and from different cellular compartments. The plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae is extracellular and causes disease by injecting effector proteins into plant cells. One of these effectors is HopW1, which disrupts the actin cytoskeleton and reduces the transport of vesicles from the cell surface and proteins destined for vacuoles. The effects of HopW1 can be mimicked using a drug that inhibits actin polymerization. Thus, this work establishes a direct mechanism for pathogen disruption of the actin cytoskeleton and implicates actin-dependent events as important for controlling pathogen growth during infection.
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