Insulin signaling mediates neurodegeneration in glioma.

Insulin signaling mediates neurodegeneration in glioma.
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DOI:
10.26508/lsa.202000693
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发表时间:
2021-03
影响因子:
4.4
通讯作者:
Casas-Tintó S
Casas-Tintó S
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jarabo P;de Pablo C;Herranz H;Martín FA;Casas-Tintó S

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肿瘤细胞分泌一种拮抗剂,减弱神经元中的胰岛素信号。它诱导线粒体缺陷和突触丧失;恢复神经元胰岛素活性拯救神经变性。细胞与细胞的通讯促进组织发育和生理学。在病理条件下,脑肿瘤破坏了神经胶质-神经元通信信号,从而以牺牲周围健康组织为代价促进肿瘤扩张。胶质母细胞瘤是最具侵袭性和最常见的原发性脑肿瘤之一。这种类型的神经胶质瘤扩展并浸润到大脑中,引起神经元变性和神经衰退,以及其他症状。在这里,我们在果蝇模型中描述了胶质母细胞瘤细胞如何产生ImpL 2,这是一种胰岛素途径的拮抗剂,它靶向邻近的神经元,并导致线粒体破坏以及突触丢失,这两种都是神经退行性疾病的早期症状。此外,胶质母细胞瘤进展需要神经元中的胰岛素途径衰减。神经元胰岛素活性的恢复足以挽救突触丢失并延迟胶质瘤引起的过早死亡。因此,从胶质母细胞瘤到神经元的信号成为预防神经退行性变和开发抗肿瘤策略的潜在研究领域。
Tumoral cells secrete an antagonist that attenuates insulin signaling in neurons. It induces mitochondrial defects and synapse loss; restoring neuronal insulin activity rescues neurodegeneration. Cell to cell communication facilitates tissue development and physiology. Under pathological conditions, brain tumors disrupt glia-neuron communication signals that in consequence, promote tumor expansion at the expense of surrounding healthy tissue. The glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive and frequent primary brain tumors. This type of glioma expands and infiltrates into the brain, causing neuronal degeneration and neurological decay, among other symptoms. Here, we describe in a Drosophila model how glioblastoma cells produce ImpL2, an antagonist of the insulin pathway, which targets neighboring neurons and causes mitochondrial disruption as well as synapse loss, both early symptoms of neurodegeneration. Furthermore, glioblastoma progression requires insulin pathway attenuation in neurons. Restoration of neuronal insulin activity is sufficient to rescue synapse loss and to delay the premature death caused by glioma. Therefore, signals from glioblastoma to neuron emerge as a potential field of study to prevent neurodegeneration and to develop anti-tumoral strategies.
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