DNA binding by GATA transcription factor suggests mechanisms of DNA looping and long-range gene regulation.

DNA binding by GATA transcription factor suggests mechanisms of DNA looping and long-range gene regulation.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.celrep.2012.10.012
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发表时间:
2012-11-29
期刊:
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
Chen L
Chen L
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chen Y;Bates DL;Dey R;Chen PH;Machado AC;Laird-Offringa IA;Rohs R;Chen L

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加塔转录因子通过识别具有两个保守锌指串联的不同加塔位点并通过介导长距离DNA成环来调节发育和分化期间的转录。然而,这些过程的分子基础还没有得到很好的理解。在这里,我们确定了三个晶体结构的完整的DNA结合域(DBD)的人GATA 3蛋白,其中包含两个锌指,在复杂的不同的DNA位点。在一种结构中,两个锌指围绕回文加塔位点缠绕,协同增强结合亲和力和动力学稳定性。引人注目的是,在另外两种结构中,加塔DBD的两个指结合不同DNA分子上的加塔位点,从而桥接两个独立的DNA片段,这在溶液中通过凝胶内FRET分析证实。这些发现不仅为加塔蛋白的结构和功能提供了新的见解,而且还阐明了远程基因调控的分子基础。
GATA transcription factors regulate transcription during development and differentiation by recognizing distinct GATA sites with a tandem of two conserved zinc fingers and by mediating long-range DNA looping. However, the molecular basis of these processes is not well understood yet. Here, we determined three crystal structures of the full DNA binding domain (DBD) of human GATA3 protein, which contains both zinc fingers, in complex with different DNA sites. In one structure, both zinc fingers wrap around a palindromic GATA site, cooperatively enhancing the binding affinity and kinetic stability. Strikingly, in the other two structures, the two fingers of GATA DBD bind GATA sites on different DNA molecules, thus bridging two separate DNA fragments, which is confirmed in solution by an in-gel FRET analysis. These findings not only provide new insights into the structure and function of GATA proteins, but also shed light on the molecular basis of long-range gene regulation.
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