The contribution of historical processes to contemporary extinction risk in placental mammals.

The contribution of historical processes to contemporary extinction risk in placental mammals.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.abn5856
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发表时间:
2023-04-28
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
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其他
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物种的持久性可以受到基因组中多样性的数量、类型和分布的影响,这表明历史人口统计学和恢复力之间存在潜在的关系。在这里,我们调查了240种哺乳动物的单个基因组的遗传变异,包括Zoonomia对齐,以评估历史有效人口规模(Ne)如何影响杂合性和有害的遗传负荷,以及这些因素如何可能导致灭绝风险。我们发现,具有较小的历史Ne的物种进行比例较大的负担,有害等位基因由于长期积累和固定的遗传负荷,并具有较高的灭绝风险。这表明,历史人口统计学可以为当代弹性提供信息。包括基因组数据的模型可以预测物种的保护状况,这表明,在缺乏足够的普查或生态数据的情况下,基因组信息可以提供初步的风险评估。来自240个物种的基因组数据表明,单个基因组中编码的信息可以提供保护风险评估。
Species persistence can be influenced by the amount, type, and distribution of diversity across the genome, suggesting a potential relationship between historical demography and resilience. Here, we surveyed genetic variation across single genomes of 240 mammals comprising the Zoonomia alignment to evaluate how historical effective population size (Ne) impacts heterozygosity and deleterious genetic load and how these factors may contribute to extinction risk. We find that species with smaller historical Ne carry a proportionally larger burden of deleterious alleles due to long-term accumulation and fixation of genetic load, and have higher risk of extinction. This suggests that historical demography can inform contemporary resilience. Models that included genomic data were predictive of species’ conservation status, suggesting that, in the absence of adequate census or ecological data, genomic information may provide an initial risk assessment. Genomic data from 240 species show that information encoded within a single genome can provide a conservation risk assessment.
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