Task relevance modulates the behavioural and neural effects of sensory predictions.
Task relevance modulates the behavioural and neural effects of sensory predictions.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pbio.2003143
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发表时间：
2017-12
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Nobre AC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Auksztulewicz R;Friston KJ;Nobre AC
大脑被认为产生内部预测以优化行为。然而，目前还不清楚预测信号是一种自动的大脑功能还是取决于任务需求。在这里，我们操纵视觉目标的空间/时间的可预测性，和听觉线索提供的空间/时间信息的相关性。我们使用脑磁图（MEG）来测量参与者在执行任务时的大脑活动。任务的相关性调制的预测行为的影响：空间/时间的可预测性提高空间/时间的歧视精度，但反之亦然。为了解释这些影响，我们使用行为反应来估计理想观察者模型下的主观预测。基于模型的时间序列的预测和预测误差（PE）与可分离的神经反应：预测与线索诱导的β-波段活动在听觉区域和α-波段活动在视觉区域，而刺激绑定PE与γ-波段活动在后部区域。至关重要的是，任务相关性调制这些频谱相关性，这表明当前的目标影响PE和预测信号。随着自然环境的变化，动物需要不断学习和更新对当前环境的预测，以优化行为。根据预测编码，大脑功能的一般原理是神经预测从较高层次的大脑区域向较低层次的大脑区域传播，以及随后的预测错误向皮质层次的传播。我们表明，信号内部预测和预测错误的神经活动取决于当前的任务或目标。我们将脑磁图和行为数据的计算建模应用于一项研究，在这项研究中，人类参与者可以在执行空间或时间任务的同时，对即将到来的刺激产生空间和时间预测。我们发现，当前的情况下（任务相关性）调制的行为和神经反应的预测的影响。在行为反应的水平上，只有任务相关的预测导致任务绩效的改善。在神经反应的水平上，我们发现预测和预测误差与不同大脑区域和可分离频带的活动相关，反映了同步的神经活动。至关重要的是，这些预测和预测错误信号的特定神经特征受到其上下文相关性的强烈调制。因此，我们的研究结果表明，当前的目标会影响大脑中的预测和预测错误信号。
The brain is thought to generate internal predictions to optimize behaviour. However, it is unclear whether predictions signalling is an automatic brain function or depends on task demands. Here, we manipulated the spatial/temporal predictability of visual targets, and the relevance of spatial/temporal information provided by auditory cues. We used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to measure participants’ brain activity during task performance. Task relevance modulated the influence of predictions on behaviour: spatial/temporal predictability improved spatial/temporal discrimination accuracy, but not vice versa. To explain these effects, we used behavioural responses to estimate subjective predictions under an ideal-observer model. Model-based time-series of predictions and prediction errors (PEs) were associated with dissociable neural responses: predictions correlated with cue-induced beta-band activity in auditory regions and alpha-band activity in visual regions, while stimulus-bound PEs correlated with gamma-band activity in posterior regions. Crucially, task relevance modulated these spectral correlates, suggesting that current goals influence PE and prediction signalling. As natural environments change, animals need to continuously learn and update predictions about their current context to optimize behaviour. According to predictive coding, a general principle of brain function is the propagation of both neural predictions from hierarchically higher to lower brain regions and of the ensuing prediction-errors back up the cortical hierarchy. We show that the neural activity that signals internal predictions and prediction-errors depends on the current task or goals. We applied magnetoencephalography and computational modelling of behavioural data to a study in which human participants could generate spatial and temporal predictions about upcoming stimuli, while performing spatial or temporal tasks. We found that current context (task relevance) modulated the influence of predictions on behavioural and neural responses. At the level of behavioural responses, only the task-relevant predictions led to improvement in task performance. At the level of neural responses, we found that predictions and prediction-errors correlated with activity in different brain regions and in dissociable frequency bands—reflecting synchronized neural activity. Crucially, these specific neural signatures of prediction and prediction-error signalling were strongly modulated by their contextual relevance. Thus, our results show that current goals influence prediction and prediction-error signalling in the brain.
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影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Bastos AM;Usrey WM;Adams RA;Mangun GR;Fries P;Friston KJ
通讯作者：
Friston KJ
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Feldman H;Friston KJ
通讯作者：
Friston KJ
DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhn161
发表时间：
2009-05
期刊：
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
影响因子：
--
作者：
den Ouden HE;Friston KJ;Daw ND;McIntosh AR;Stephan KE
通讯作者：
Stephan KE
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2005.1622
发表时间：
2005-04-29
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Friston, KJ
通讯作者：
Friston, KJ
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Friston, Karl J.;Harrison, Lee;Mattout, Jeremie
通讯作者：
Mattout, Jeremie