Neuroinflammation and microglia: considerations and approaches for neurotoxicity assessment.
Neuroinflammation and microglia: considerations and approaches for neurotoxicity assessment.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1517/17425255.4.10.1265
复制
发表时间：
2008-10
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Kraft AD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harry GJ;Kraft AD
炎症反应的影响以及免疫系统和神经系统之间的相互作用正在迅速在神经退行性疾病和损伤中发挥重要作用。然而，现在人们认识到，这种反应的确切性质可能因每种类型的侮辱和互动而异。最近，人们正在考虑神经炎症和小胶质细胞相关的细胞反应对环境因素的神经毒性的贡献。然而，迄今为止，将炎症终点纳入神经毒性评估主要依赖于相对有限的措施或由体外神经毒性模型驱动。提供有关神经炎症和小胶质细胞反应的相关生物学考虑因素的背景信息，证明这些生物过程的复杂整合性质，并引起人们对体外表现的效应转化为体内情况的关注。讨论了影响神经毒理学评估方面神经炎症的设计和解释的具体要点。大脑中有一种复杂而动态的反应来调节炎症过程并维持正常的稳态水平。将此类反应分类为有益或有害是过于简单化的。神经炎症应被视为一个平衡的过程网络，其中细微的修改可以使细胞产生不同的结果。应阻止过度解释在隔离培养系统中获得的数据的倾向。相反，应将使用跨学科方法评估多个终点纳入炎症对环境暴露神经毒性影响的评估中。
The impact of an inflammatory response, as well as interactions between the immune and nervous systems, are rapidly assuming major roles in neurodegenerative disease and injury. However, it is now appreciated that the exact nature of such responses can differ with each type of insult and interaction. More recently, neuroinflammation and the associated cellular response of microglia are being considered for their contribution to neurotoxicity of environmental agents; yet, to date, the inclusion of inflammatory endpoints into neurotoxicity assessment have relied primarily on relatively limited measures or driven by in vitro models of neurotoxicity. To present background information on relevant biological considerations of neuroinflammation and the microglia response demonstrating the complex integrative nature of these biological processes and raising concern with regards to translation of effects demonstrated in vitro to the in vivo situation. Specific points are addressed that would influence the design and interpretation of neuroinflammation with regards to neurotoxicology assessment. There is a complex and dynamic response in the brain to regulate inflammatory processes and maintain a normal homeostatic level. The classification of such responses as beneficial or detrimental is an oversimplification. Neuroinflammation should be considered as a balanced network of processes where subtle modifications can shift the cells toward disparate outcomes. The tendency to over-interpret data obtained in an isolated culture system should be discouraged. Rather, the use of cross-disciplinary approaches to evaluate multiple endpoints should be incorporated into the assessment of inflammatory contributions to the neurotoxicity of environmental exposures.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Duke, DC;Moran, LB;Graeber, MB
通讯作者：
Graeber, MB
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
FLARIS, NA;DENSMORE, TL;HICKEY, WF
通讯作者：
HICKEY, WF
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Billiards, Saraid S.;Haynes, Robin L.;Kinney, Hannah C.
通讯作者：
Kinney, Hannah C.
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Bsibsi, M;Persoon-Deen, C;Van Noort, JM
通讯作者：
Van Noort, JM
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Eskes, C;Honegger, P;Monnet-Tschudi, F
通讯作者：
Monnet-Tschudi, F