Phenotypic diversity and altered environmental plasticity in Arabidopsis thaliana with reduced Hsp90 levels.
Phenotypic diversity and altered environmental plasticity in Arabidopsis thaliana with reduced Hsp90 levels.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0000648
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发表时间：
2007-07-25
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Lindquist S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sangster TA;Bahrami A;Wilczek A;Watanabe E;Schellenberg K;McLellan C;Kelley A;Kong SW;Queitsch C;Lindquist S
分子伴侣 HSP90 有助于多种但精选的亚稳态蛋白客户的成熟，其中许多是各种信号转导途径的关键。 HSP90 的功能在动物和真菌系统中得到了最好的研究，在这些系统中，伴侣蛋白的抑制具有极其多样的作用，从逆转致癌转化到防止获得耐药性。模型植物拟南芥中 HSP90 的抑制揭示了依赖于通常隐秘的遗传变异的新形态，并增加了发育过程固有的随机变异。 HSP90的生化活性在动物和植物之间严格保守。然而，人们对植物中依赖于 HSP90 的底物和途径知之甚少。由于拟南芥 HSP90 基因家族的冗余，必须依赖光敏 HSP90 抑制剂，这阻碍了进展。在这里，我们展示了拟南芥的表型和全基因组表达分析，通过 RNAi 靶向实现了 HSP90 水平的组成性降低。 HSP90 的减少会影响多种生活史性状，包括开花时间和总种子数，增加形态多样性，并降低重复性状的发育稳定性。 HSP90 和生长温度协同影响多种形态。全基因组表达分析还表明 HSP90 在可塑性反应的发生和维持中发挥着核心作用。通过检查 HSP90 减少的植物对多食性草食动物 Trichoplusia ni 毛虫攻击的反应证实了表达结果。 HSP90 的减少增强了食草动物的防御反应。总之，我们认为 HSP90 对植物对许多不同刺激的环境响应产生全局影响。这里描述的全套 HSP90 减少系是进一步检查 HSP90 作为有机体、发育和环境之间的中心界面的作用的重要工具。
The molecular chaperone HSP90 aids the maturation of a diverse but select set of metastable protein clients, many of which are key to a variety of signal transduction pathways. HSP90 function has been best investigated in animal and fungal systems, where inhibition of the chaperone has exceptionally diverse effects, ranging from reversing oncogenic transformation to preventing the acquisition of drug resistance. Inhibition of HSP90 in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana uncovers novel morphologies dependent on normally cryptic genetic variation and increases stochastic variation inherent to developmental processes. The biochemical activity of HSP90 is strictly conserved between animals and plants. However, the substrates and pathways dependent on HSP90 in plants are poorly understood. Progress has been impeded by the necessity of reliance on light-sensitive HSP90 inhibitors due to redundancy in the A. thaliana HSP90 gene family. Here we present phenotypic and genome-wide expression analyses of A. thaliana with constitutively reduced HSP90 levels achieved by RNAi targeting. HSP90 reduction affects a variety of quantitative life-history traits, including flowering time and total seed set, increases morphological diversity, and decreases the developmental stability of repeated characters. Several morphologies are synergistically affected by HSP90 and growth temperature. Genome-wide expression analyses also suggest a central role for HSP90 in the genesis and maintenance of plastic responses. The expression results are substantiated by examination of the response of HSP90-reduced plants to attack by caterpillars of the generalist herbivore Trichoplusia ni. HSP90 reduction potentiates a more robust herbivore defense response. In sum, we propose that HSP90 exerts global effects on the environmental responsiveness of plants to many different stimuli. The comprehensive set of HSP90-reduced lines described here is a vital instrument to further examine the role of HSP90 as a central interface between organism, development, and environment.
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