Extrachromosomal circular DNA-based amplification and transmission of herbicide resistance in crop weed Amaranthus palmeri.
Extrachromosomal circular DNA-based amplification and transmission of herbicide resistance in crop weed Amaranthus palmeri.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1719354115
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发表时间：
2018-03-27
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Gill BS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koo DH;Molin WT;Saski CA;Jiang J;Putta K;Jugulam M;Friebe B;Gill BS
草甘膦是一种非选择性除草剂，在全球范围内用于抗草甘膦(GR)和非作物情况下的杂草控制。草甘膦的广泛和独家使用导致了许多作物杂草对除草剂的抗性进化。草甘膦的分子靶标是5-烯醇式丙酮酸-3-磷酸合成酶基因(EPSPS)，扩增后产生抗性，首次在大斑茅中被发现。我们现在报道，在GR A.Palmeri中，扩增的EPSPS拷贝以具有各种构象的染色体外环状DNA分子(EccDNA)的形式存在。我们发现eccDNA通过拴系在有丝分裂和减数分裂染色体上传递给下一代。这些结果代表了一份关于染色体外结构在高等生物中驱动快速适应性进化的报告。在许多细菌和真核生物中观察到基因扩增是对各种选择压力的反应，如抗生素、细胞毒药物、杀虫剂、除草剂和其他应激环境条件。基因拷贝数的增加通常被发现为染色体外元件，通常包含自主复制的染色体外环状DNA分子(EccDNA)。通过扩增除草剂草甘膦的分子靶标5-烯醇丙酮基莽草酸-3-磷酸合成酶(EPSPS)基因，可以使除草剂对草甘膦产生抗药性。然而，关于扩增的EPSPS的来源、扩增的DNA结构的性质、负责在细胞中维持该基因扩增的机制及其遗传的生物学问题仍不清楚。在这里，我们报告了扩增的EPSPS拷贝在抗草甘膦(GR)Palmeri中以eccDNA的形式存在，具有各种构象。在有丝分裂和减数分裂的细胞分裂过程中，eccDNA通过一种未知的机制传递给体细胞、生殖细胞和后代，这种机制与有丝分裂和减数分裂染色体相连。我们认为eccDNA是McClintock假设的先天系统的组成部分之一[McClintock B(1978)Stadler Genetics研讨会]，它可以快速产生胞体变异，扩增孢子体中的EPSPS基因并传递给生殖细胞，并通过基因组可塑性和适应性进化来调节草甘膦的快速抗性。
Glyphosate is a nonselective herbicide used around the globe for weed control in glyphosate-resistant (GR) and noncrop situations. The extensive and exclusive use of glyphosate has led to the evolution of herbicide resistance in many crop weeds. The molecular target of glyphosate, the 5-enolpyruvlyshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene, confers resistance upon amplification and was first documented in GR Amaranthus palmeri. We now report that amplified EPSPS copies in GR A. palmeri are present in the form of extrachromosomal circular DNA molecules (eccDNAs) with various conformations. We discovered that eccDNAs are transmitted to the next generation by tethering to mitotic and meiotic chromosomes. These results represent a report of extrachromosomal structures that drive rapid adaptive evolution in higher organisms. Gene amplification has been observed in many bacteria and eukaryotes as a response to various selective pressures, such as antibiotics, cytotoxic drugs, pesticides, herbicides, and other stressful environmental conditions. An increase in gene copy number is often found as extrachromosomal elements that usually contain autonomously replicating extrachromosomal circular DNA molecules (eccDNAs). Amaranthus palmeri, a crop weed, can develop herbicide resistance to glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine] by amplification of the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene, the molecular target of glyphosate. However, biological questions regarding the source of the amplified EPSPS, the nature of the amplified DNA structures, and mechanisms responsible for maintaining this gene amplification in cells and their inheritance remain unknown. Here, we report that amplified EPSPS copies in glyphosate-resistant (GR) A. palmeri are present in the form of eccDNAs with various conformations. The eccDNAs are transmitted during cell division in mitosis and meiosis to the soma and germ cells and the progeny by an as yet unknown mechanism of tethering to mitotic and meiotic chromosomes. We propose that eccDNAs are one of the components of McClintock’s postulated innate systems [McClintock B (1978) Stadler Genetics Symposium] that can rapidly produce soma variation, amplify EPSPS genes in the sporophyte that are transmitted to germ cells, and modulate rapid glyphosate resistance through genome plasticity and adaptive evolution.
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影响因子：
16
作者：
Coquelle, A;Toledo, F;Debatisse, M
通讯作者：
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