Endogenous spatial attention during perceptual learning facilitates location transfer.
Endogenous spatial attention during perceptual learning facilitates location transfer.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1167/18.11.7
复制
发表时间：
2018-10-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Carrasco M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Donovan I;Carrasco M
内隐注意和知觉学习增强知觉表现。这两种机制之间的关系在很大程度上是未知的。以前，我们表明，在训练过程中操纵非自愿的，外源性的空间注意力提高了在训练和未经训练的位置的性能，从而克服了典型的位置特异性。值得注意的是，注意力诱导转移仅发生在高刺激对比度下，在心理测量函数的上渐近线处（即，通过响应增益）。在这里，我们调查是否以及如何自愿，内源性注意，自上而下和目标为基础的类型的隐蔽视觉注意，影响知觉学习。26名参与者在两个地点接受了方向辨别任务的培训：一半的参与者接受了有效的内源性空间precues（注意组），而另一半则接受了中性precues（中性组）。在培训之前和之后，所有参与者都在两个受过培训和两个未经培训的地点接受了中立的程序测试。在每个会话中，刺激对比度在试验的基础上从非常低（2%）到非常高（64%）变化。分别为每一天和位置的威布尔心理测量函数的性能进行了拟合。两组在训练位置的表现都有所改善，与外源性注意力的训练不同，在阈值水平（即，通过对比度增益）。中性组表现出位置特异性：在训练过的位置，但不是在未经训练的位置，holds减少。相比之下，注意力组的参与者表现出显着的位置转移：在训练和未训练的位置，控制力下降到相同的程度。这些结果表明，与外源性空间注意类似，内源性空间注意也会引起位置迁移，但影响的是对比增益而不是反应增益。
Covert attention and perceptual learning enhance perceptual performance. The relation between these two mechanisms is largely unknown. Previously, we showed that manipulating involuntary, exogenous spatial attention during training improved performance at trained and untrained locations, thus overcoming the typical location specificity. Notably, attention-induced transfer only occurred for high stimulus contrasts, at the upper asymptote of the psychometric function (i.e., via response gain). Here, we investigated whether and how voluntary, endogenous attention, the top-down and goal-based type of covert visual attention, influences perceptual learning. Twenty-six participants trained in an orientation discrimination task at two locations: half of participants received valid endogenous spatial precues (attention group), while the other half received neutral precues (neutral group). Before and after training, all participants were tested with neutral precues at two trained and two untrained locations. Within each session, stimulus contrast varied on a trial basis from very low (2%) to very high (64%). Performance was fit by a Weibull psychometric function separately for each day and location. Performance improved for both groups at the trained location, and unlike training with exogenous attention, at the threshold level (i.e., via contrast gain). The neutral group exhibited location specificity: Thresholds decreased at the trained locations, but not at the untrained locations. In contrast, participants in the attention group showed significant location transfer: Thresholds decreased to the same extent at both trained and untrained locations. These results indicate that, similar to exogenous spatial attention, endogenous spatial attention induces location transfer, but influences contrast gain instead of response gain.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
BERARDI, N;FIORENTINI, A
通讯作者：
FIORENTINI, A
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Ahissar, M;Hochstein, S
通讯作者：
Hochstein, S
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Crist, RE;Kapadia, MK;Gilbert, CD
通讯作者：
Gilbert, CD
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Donovan, Ian;Szpiro, Sarit;Carrasco, Marisa
通讯作者：
Carrasco, Marisa
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Cavanaugh MR;Barbot A;Carrasco M;Huxlin KR
通讯作者：
Huxlin KR