A snapshot of a coral "holobiont": a transcriptome assembly of the scleractinian coral, porites, captures a wide variety of genes from both the host and symbiotic zooxanthellae.
A snapshot of a coral "holobiont": a transcriptome assembly of the scleractinian coral, porites, captures a wide variety of genes from both the host and symbiotic zooxanthellae.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0085182
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kusakabe M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shinzato C;Inoue M;Kusakabe M
Porites属的巨大珊瑚是印度-太平洋地区重要的珊瑚礁建造者，它们比其他石珊瑚(如Acropora属)更能抵抗热应力。由于珊瑚的健康和生存在很大程度上取决于珊瑚宿主与其共生体之间的相互作用，因此了解整个“珊瑚全息菌”的分子相互作用是很重要的。我们利用Illumina HiSeq2000平台对澳大利亚Porites australiens及其共生体的转录本进行了同步测序。我们获得了14.3Gbp的测序数据，并将其组装成74,997个重叠群(平均：1,263个核苷酸，N50大小：2,037个核苷酸)。我们成功地将来自寄主(Porites)和共生体(Symbioddium)的重叠群与破译的Acropora diditifera和Symbioddium minuum基因组进行了比对。与以往的珊瑚转录组研究相比，至少有35%的序列来自共生体，这表明同时分析宿主和共生体转录体是可能的。保守的蛋白质结构域和KEGG分析表明，该数据集包含了Porites和共生线虫的广泛基因谱系。对序列的有效利用表明，澳大利亚对虾的多态率为1.0%，主要共生共生细菌为C15型。氨基酸生物合成途径的分析表明，这种Porites holobion可能能够合成大多数常见的氨基酸，而共生生物可能能够为其宿主提供必需的氨基酸。我们认为这是珊瑚宿主和共生体之间氨基酸代谢互补的第一个分子证据。我们成功地组装了来自宿主珊瑚和共生共生生物的基因，创建了珊瑚完整转录组的快照。这一数据集将有助于更深入地了解珊瑚共生和应激反应的分子机制。
Massive scleractinian corals of the genus Porites are important reef builders in the Indo-Pacific, and they are more resistant to thermal stress than other stony corals, such as the genus Acropora. Because coral health and survival largely depend on the interaction between a coral host and its symbionts, it is important to understand the molecular interactions of an entire “coral holobiont”. We simultaneously sequenced transcriptomes of Porites australiensis and its symbionts using the Illumina Hiseq2000 platform. We obtained 14.3 Gbp of sequencing data and assembled it into 74,997 contigs (average: 1,263 bp, N50 size: 2,037 bp). We successfully distinguished contigs originating from the host (Porites) and the symbiont (Symbiodinium) by aligning nucleotide sequences with the decoded Acropora digitifera and Symbiodinium minutum genomes. In contrast to previous coral transcriptome studies, at least 35% of the sequences were found to have originated from the symbionts, indicating that it is possible to analyze both host and symbiont transcriptomes simultaneously. Conserved protein domain and KEGG analyses showed that the dataset contains broad gene repertoires of both Porites and Symbiodinium. Effective utilization of sequence reads revealed that the polymorphism rate in P. australiensis is 1.0% and identified the major symbiotic Symbiodinium as Type C15. Analyses of amino acid biosynthetic pathways suggested that this Porites holobiont is probably able to synthesize most of the common amino acids and that Symbiodinium is potentially able to provide essential amino acids to its host. We believe this to be the first molecular evidence of complementarity in amino acid metabolism between coral hosts and their symbionts. We successfully assembled genes originating from both the host coral and the symbiotic Symbiodinium to create a snapshot of the coral holobiont transcriptome. This dataset will facilitate a deeper understanding of molecular mechanisms of coral symbioses and stress responses.
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