Modeling and Assessing Variability in Energy Consumption During the Use Stage of Online Multimedia Services

Modeling and Assessing Variability in Energy Consumption During the Use Stage of Online Multimedia Services
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在线多媒体服务使用阶段能源消耗变化的建模和评估

DOI:
10.1111/jiec.12065
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
Schien D
Schien D
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schien D

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在这项研究中,我们使用一个改进的,更准确的模型来分析能源足迹的内容下载从一个主要的在线报纸通过各种组合的用户设备和接入网络。我们的研究结果表明,以前的分析基于笔记本电脑或台式个人电脑的平均数字预测的国家和全球能源消耗值是不切实际的高。此外,我们还确定了在数字服务生命周期的使用阶段占总能耗大部分的组件。我们发现,根据使用的用户设备和接入网络的类型,当阅读新闻文章时,新闻内容来源的数据中心消耗总能耗的4%至48%,当观看视频内容时,消耗总能耗的2%至11%。同样,我们发现用户设备对文章和视频内容的消耗分别在7%和90%之间以及0.7%和78%之间,具体取决于用户设备和所采用的接入网络的类型。虽然提高对数据中心能耗的认识是合理的,但对我们研究的结果的分析表明,对于我们研究的在线报纸的个人用户来说,用户设备和第三代(3G)移动的网络的能耗通常比数据中心对服务足迹的贡献更大。我们的研究结果的分析还表明,视频内容的数据传输有一个显着的能源使用的3G移动的网络,但在其他地方少。因此,降低视频分辨率的策略将减少使用移动的设备通过3G网络访问内容的个人用户的能量足迹。
In this study, we use an improved, more accurate model to analyze the energy footprint of content downloaded from a major online newspaper by means of various combinations of user devices and access networks. Our results indicate that previous analyses based on average figures for laptops or desktop personal computers predict national and global energy consumption values that are unrealistically high. Additionally, we identify the components that contribute most of the total energy consumption during the use stage of the life cycle of digital services. We find that, depending on the type of user device and access network employed, the data center where the news content originates consumes between 4% and 48% of the total energy consumption when news articles are read and between 2% and 11% when video content is viewed. Similarly, we find that user devices consume between 7% and 90% and 0.7% and 78% for articles and video content, respectively, depending on the type of user device and access network that is employed. Though increasing awareness of the energy consumption by data centers is justified, an analysis of our results shows that for individual users of the online newspaper we studied, energy use by user devices and the third‐generation (3G) mobile network are usually bigger contributors to the service footprint than the datacenters. Analysis of our results also shows that data transfer of video content has a significant energy use on the 3G mobile network, but less so elsewhere. Hence, a strategy of reducing the resolution of video would reduce the energy footprint for individual users who are using mobile devices to access content by the 3G network.
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