Respiratory health effects of air pollution: update on biomass smoke and traffic pollution.
Respiratory health effects of air pollution: update on biomass smoke and traffic pollution.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jaci.2011.11.021
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发表时间：
2012-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kipen HM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Laumbach RJ;Kipen HM
越来越多的证据表明，空气污染造成了呼吸道和过敏性疾病的巨大全球负担，包括哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺病、肺炎，可能还有肺结核。虽然空气污染与呼吸系统疾病之间的联系很复杂，但最近的流行病学研究使人们更加认识到，无论是在发达国家还是在欠发达国家，与交通有关的空气污染都日益重要，而且主要在欠发达国家，燃烧生物质燃料的家庭火灾排放仍然很重要。这些排放源的排放导致个人暴露于复杂的空气污染物混合物中，这些空气污染物由于不同的排放率、与源的距离、通风量和其他因素而在空间和时间上迅速变化。尽管个人暴露于这些来源的污染物的高度可变性仍然是一个挑战，但测量和模拟这些暴露的新方法开始揭示与哮喘和其他呼吸系统疾病的复杂关联。这些研究表明，来自这些来源的空气污染是呼吸道疾病发病率增加和恶化的主要可预防原因。医生可以通过提高认识和支持个人和社区层面的干预措施，帮助降低暴露于生物质和交通空气污染物的不良呼吸影响的风险。
Mounting evidence suggests that air pollution contributes to the large global burden of respiratory and allergic diseases including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia and possibly tuberculosis. Although associations between air pollution and respiratory disease are complex, recent epidemiologic studies have led to an increased recognition of the emerging importance of traffic-related air pollution in both developed and less-developed countries, as well as the continued importance of emissions from domestic fires burning biomass fuels primarily in the less-developed world. Emissions from these sources lead to personal exposures to complex mixtures of air pollutants that change rapidly in space and time due to varying emission rates, distances from source, ventilation rates, and other factors. Although the high degree of variability in personal exposure to pollutants from these sources remains a challenge, newer methods for measuring and modeling these exposures are beginning to unravel complex associations with asthma and other respiratory disease. These studies indicate that air pollution from these sources is a major preventable cause of increased incidence and exacerbation of respiratory disease. Physicians can help to reduce the risk of adverse respiratory effects of exposure to biomass and traffic air pollutants by promoting awareness and supporting individual and community-level interventions.
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DOI：
10.1164/rccm.200811-1757st
发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
24.7
作者：
Eisner, Mark D.;Anthonisen, Nicholas;Balmes, John R.
通讯作者：
Balmes, John R.
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Brauer, M;Hoek, G;Brunekreef, B
通讯作者：
Brunekreef, B
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Briggs, DJ;de Hoogh, C;Smallbone, K
通讯作者：
Smallbone, K
DOI：
10.2471/blt.07.044529
发表时间：
2008-05-01
期刊：
Bulletin of the World Health Organization: International Journal of Public Health
影响因子：
--
作者：
Dherani, Mukesh;Pope, Daniel;Bruce, Nigel
通讯作者：
Bruce, Nigel
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Cai, Hao;Xie, Shaodong
通讯作者：
Xie, Shaodong