Enabling energy system transition toward decarbonization in Japan through energy service demand reduction

Enabling energy system transition toward decarbonization in Japan through energy service demand reduction
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通过减少能源服务需求,实现日本能源系统向脱碳转型

DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2021.120464
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
9
通讯作者:
Ehara Tomoki
Ehara Tomoki
中科院分区:
工程技术1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Oshiro Ken;Fujimori Shinichiro;Ochi Yuki;Ehara Tomoki

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日本的本世纪中叶战略是到 2050 年将温室气体排放量减少 80%,这需要大规模的能源系统转型,并相应增加减排成本。然而,减少能源需求的作用,特别是与能源服务相关的减少,例如行为改变和材料使用效率提高,尚未得到充分评估。本研究旨在在考虑减少能源服务需求的作用时确定脱碳目标的主要挑战和机遇。为此,我们使用详细的自下而上的能源系统模型结合能源服务需求模型来探讨能源系统的变化及其成本影响。结果表明,通过能源服务需求削减措施,2050年最终能源需求相对于无政策情况可削减37%。尽管缺乏碳捕获和储存会导致减排成本增加一倍或更多,但这些经济影响可以通过能源服务需求的减少来抵消。在能源需求部门中,工业服务需求减少的影响最大,因为它有助于减少工业部门的残余排放。这些发现凸显了除了技术选择之外,减少能源服务需求措施对于实现国家气候目标的重要性。
Japan’s mid-century strategy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 80% in 2050 would require large-scale energy system transformation and associated increases in mitigation costs. Nevertheless, the role of energy demand reduction, especially reductions related to energy services such as behavioral changes and material use efficiency improvements, have not been sufficiently evaluated. This study aims to identify key challenges and opportunities of the decarbonization goal when considering the role of energy service demand reduction. To this end, we used a detailed bottom-up energy system model in conjunction with an energy service demand model to explore energy system changes and their cost implications. The results indicate that final energy demand in 2050 can be cut by 37% relative to the no-policy case through energy service demand reduction measures. Although the lack of carbon capture and storage would cause mitigation costs to double or more, these economic impacts can be offset by energy service demand reduction. Among energy demand sectors, the impact of industrial service demand reduction is largest, as it contributes to reducing residual emissions from the industry sector. These findings highlight the importance of energy service demand reduction measures for meeting national climate goals in addition to technological options.
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