The Motivation for Creativity in Organizations
The Motivation for Creativity in Organizations
复制标题
组织创造力的动机
DOI：
--
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Teresa M. Amabile
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Teresa M. Amabile
霍华德·加德纳（Howard Gardner）（1993）发现，20世纪的创造性天才（弗洛伊德、爱因斯坦、毕加索、斯特拉文斯基、艾略特、格雷厄姆和甘地）都是由对工作的强烈投入所驱动的。1926年，一项针对301名天才的研究发现，单靠智力并不能保证与众不同；它必须伴随着“目标的坚韧”（Cox, 1926）。在其他对著名科学家、作曲家和艺术家的研究中，使用不同的方法，发现了“驱动吸收”的工作取向（Roe, 1952; Simonton, 1984）。但是，高动机和创造力之间的显著联系不仅存在于对杰出人士的研究中。它也出现在普通人在工作中产生的“普通”创造力的研究中。换句话说，无论是伟大的还是未知的，创造性思维都需要来自强烈动机的坚持和强度。虽然当人们想到创造力时，通常会想到艺术（也许还有自然科学），但创造性的想法在商业中也是绝对必要的。因为创造力是产生新颖和适当的（或有用的）想法，2希望确保企业持续成功的管理者必须找到方法来鼓励组织内创造性想法的持续流动。这些想法不仅用于开发新的、有价值的产品和服务，而且用于解决不断变化和更具挑战性的商业问题。
th century creative geniuses (Freud, Einstein, Picasso, Stravinsky, Eliot, Graham, and Gandhi), Howard Gardner (1993) discovered that all were driven by an intense involvement in their work. A 1926 study of 301 geniuses found that intelligence alone did not assure distinction; it had to be accompanied by a “tenacity of purpose” (Cox, 1926). In other studies of eminent scientists, composers, and artists, using different methods, a work orientation of “driving absorption” has been discovered (Roe, 1952; Simonton, 1984). But the notable link between high motivation and creativity is found not only in studies of remarkable people. It also appears in studies of the “garden variety” creativity produced by ordinary people in their work. In other words, for both the great and the unknown, creative thinking requires the persistence and intensity that arises from strong motivation. Although people usually think of the arts (and perhaps the natural sciences) when they think of creativity, creative ideas are absolutely essential in business, as well. Because creativity is the production of novel and appropriate (or useful) ideas, 2 managers who wish to ensure the continued success of their businesses must find ways to encourage a continuing flow of creative ideas within their organizations. Those ideas will be needed not only for the development of new, valuable products and services, but also for the solution of ever-changing and ever more challenging business problems.
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
AMABILE, TM;HENNESSEY, BA;GROSSMAN, BS
通讯作者：
GROSSMAN, BS