Seipin forms a flexible cage at lipid droplet formation sites.

Seipin forms a flexible cage at lipid droplet formation sites.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41594-021-00718-y
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发表时间:
2022-03
影响因子:
16.8
通讯作者:
Walther TC
Walther TC
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Arlt H;Sui X;Folger B;Adams C;Chen X;Remme R;Hamprecht FA;DiMaio F;Liao M;Goodman JM;Farese RV Jr;Walther TC

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脂质滴(LD)通过中性脂质的相分离在内质网中形成。这一过程是由seipin蛋白复合物,其中包括一个环的seipin单体,但功能尚不清楚。在这里,我们报告的结构S。基于低温电子显微镜和结构建模数据的酿酒酵母seipin。Seipin形成十聚体的笼状结构,其中内腔结构域在笼底部形成稳定的环,跨膜区段形成笼侧面和顶部。跨膜片段以两种不同的交替构象与相邻单体相互作用。这些构象的变化导致开关区域,位于管腔结构域和跨膜段之间,这是所需的seipin功能。我们的数据表明,LD形成的模型,其中一个封闭的seipin笼使三酰甘油相分离,随后切换到一个开放的构象,让LD的生长和出芽。Arlt等报道了酵母seipin(一种脂滴形成蛋白)的结构,并提出它在内质网膜中形成柔性的寡聚笼,使得三酰甘油相分离、脂滴生长和向细胞质出芽成为可能。
Lipid droplets (LDs) form in the endoplasmic reticulum by phase separation of neutral lipids. This process is facilitated by the seipin protein complex, which consists of a ring of seipin monomers, with a yet unclear function. Here, we report a structure of S. cerevisiae seipin based on cryogenic-electron microscopy and structural modeling data. Seipin forms a decameric, cage-like structure with the lumenal domains forming a stable ring at the cage floor and transmembrane segments forming the cage sides and top. The transmembrane segments interact with adjacent monomers in two distinct, alternating conformations. These conformations result from changes in switch regions, located between the lumenal domains and the transmembrane segments, that are required for seipin function. Our data indicate a model for LD formation in which a closed seipin cage enables triacylglycerol phase separation and subsequently switches to an open conformation to allow LD growth and budding. Arlt et al. report a structure of yeast seipin, a lipid droplet formation protein, and suggest that it forms a flexible, oligomeric cage in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, enabling triacylglycerol phase separation, lipid droplet growth and budding toward the cytoplasm.
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