Genome‐wide SNP data reveal improved evidence for Antarctic glacial refugia and dispersal of terrestrial invertebrates
Genome‐wide SNP data reveal improved evidence for Antarctic glacial refugia and dispersal of terrestrial invertebrates
复制标题
全基因组 SNP 数据揭示了南极冰川避难所和陆地无脊椎动物扩散的证据
作者：
A. McGaughran;A. Terauds;P. Convey;C. Fraser
南极洲与世隔绝，被南大洋包围，数百万年来一直经历着极端的环境条件，包括最近更新世的最大冰川期。南极陆地物种如何在这些冰川中生存下来一直是一个非常有趣的话题，但许多问题仍然没有答案，特别是南极洲的无脊椎动物。我们研究了一组广泛分布的陆生无脊椎动物，隐尾虫属的跳虫（弹尾目，等节虫科）的遗传数据是否显示出在南极半岛冰川避难所长期生存的证据。我们使用全基因组SNP分析（通过测序基因分型，GBS）和线粒体数据来检查半岛上跨越950公里的20多个地点以及靠近半岛和最远1，900公里的岛屿的种群多样性和分化。种群结构分析表明，存在强大的本地集群的多样性，我们推断，模式代表了一个复杂的相互作用的隔离，在当地的避难所加上偶尔成功的长距离扩散事件。我们确定风和度日是遗传多样性的重要环境驱动因素，多风和温暖的地点拥有更高的多样性。因此，我们推断，避难所地区沿着南极半岛已允许人口的土著跳虫生存在原地整个冰川时期。尽管在寒冷干燥的条件下扩散困难，但半岛上的隐尾跳虫似乎已经实现了多个长距离殖民事件，最有可能是通过风相关的扩散事件。
Antarctica is isolated, surrounded by the Southern Ocean and has experienced extreme environmental conditions for millions of years, including during recent Pleistocene glacial maxima. How Antarctic terrestrial species might have survived these glaciations has been a topic of intense interest, yet many questions remain unanswered, particularly for Antarctica's invertebrate fauna. We examine whether genetic data from a widespread group of terrestrial invertebrates, springtails (Collembola, Isotomidae) of the genus Cryptopygus, show evidence for long‐term survival in glacial refugia along the Antarctic Peninsula. We use genome‐wide SNP analyses (via genotyping‐by‐sequencing, GBS) and mitochondrial data to examine population diversity and differentiation across more than 20 sites spanning >950 km on the Peninsula, and from islands both close to the Peninsula and up to ~1,900 km away. Population structure analysis indicates the presence of strong local clusters of diversity, and we infer that patterns represent a complex interplay of isolation in local refugia coupled with occasional successful long‐distance dispersal events. We identified wind and degree days as significant environmental drivers of genetic diversity, with windier and warmer sites hosting higher diversity. Thus, we infer that refugial areas along the Antarctic Peninsula have allowed populations of indigenous springtails to survive in situ throughout glacial periods. Despite the difficulties of dispersal in cold, desiccating conditions, Cryptopygus springtails on the Peninsula appear to have achieved multiple long‐distance colonization events, most likely through wind‐related dispersal events.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Alan R. Templeton;K. Crandall;C. Sing
通讯作者：
Alan R. Templeton;K. Crandall;C. Sing
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Yunxin Fu
通讯作者：
Yunxin Fu
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
L. Excoffier;P. Smouse;J. Quattro
通讯作者：
L. Excoffier;P. Smouse;J. Quattro