Spirituality and alcoholics anonymous.
Spirituality and alcoholics anonymous.
复制标题
灵性和酗酒者匿名。
DOI：
10.1097/smj.0b013e31803171ef
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Tonigan,JScott
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tonigan,JScott
对于一般的戒酒会，特别是戒酒会中灵性的作用，我们可以自信地说些什么？首先，有令人信服的证据表明，酗酒的严重程度预测以后AA出席。其次，相对于那些已经拥有精神和/或宗教信仰的人，无神论者不太可能参加AA。然而，在参加AA之前信仰上帝并没有提供任何与AA相关的好处，无神论者一旦参与，在获得AA相关的好处方面没有明显的劣势。第三，AA的精神基础的原则似乎在AA会议上得到认可，而不管一个特定会议的社会动态或气氛如何，例如，高度凝聚力或侵略性。第四，精神和宗教信仰和实践的显着增加似乎发生在AA暴露的个人。第五，尽管有很多相反的讨论，但几乎没有证据表明灵性直接解释了后来的禁欲。然而，我们发现，灵性在预测以后饮酒减少方面具有重要的间接影响。具体而言，在过去20年中，已经制定了一些有效的方法，以促进首次AA出席（AA辍学率很高，有些估计高达80%）。导致灵性初步增加的干预措施似乎会导致持续的AA联系，这反过来又会随着时间的推移产生持续的恢复。
What can be confidently said about AA in general and about the role of spirituality in AA in particular? First, there is convincing evidence that alcoholism severity predicts later AA attendance. Second, atheists are less likely to attend AA, relative to individuals who already hold spiritual and/or religious beliefs. However, belief in God before AA attendance does not offer any advantage in AA-related benefits, and atheists, once involved, are at no apparent disadvantage in deriving AA-related benefits. Third, the spiritually-based principles of AA appear to be endorsed in AA meetings regardless of the perceived social dynamics or climate of a particular meeting, eg, highly cohesive or aggressive. Fourth, significant increases in spiritual and religious beliefs and practices seem to occur among AA-exposed individuals. Fifth, in spite of much discussion to the contrary there is little evidence that spirituality directly accounts for later abstinence. We are finding, however, that spirituality has an important indirect effect in predicting later drinking reductions. Specifically, in the past 20 years a number of effective methods have been developed to facilitate initial AA attendance (AA dropout is high, with some estimates ranging as high as 80%). Interventions that lead to initial increases in spirituality appear to lead to sustained AA affiliation, which, in turn, produces sustained recovery over time.
“自我”的控制论：酗酒理论。
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
G. Bateson
通讯作者：
G. Bateson