Deciphering death: a commentary on Gompertz (1825) 'On the nature of the function expressive of the law of human mortality, and on a new mode of determining the value of life contingencies'.
Deciphering death: a commentary on Gompertz (1825) 'On the nature of the function expressive of the law of human mortality, and on a new mode of determining the value of life contingencies'.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2014.0379
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发表时间：
2015-04-19
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kirkwood TB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kirkwood TB
1825年，精算师本杰明·贡珀茨（Benjamin Gompertz）向皇家学会宣读了一篇论文，题为《论人类死亡率规律的函数表达的本质，以及确定生命偶然性价值的新模式》（On the nature of the function expressive of the law of human mortality，and on a new mode of determining the value of life contingencies）。他在论文中指出，在成年人的大部分寿命中，年龄别死亡率呈指数级增长。Gompertz的工作在塑造新兴的统计科学方面发挥了重要作用，这些科学支撑着人寿保险和年金的定价。后来，随着衰老本身成为科学研究的焦点，Gompertz模型提供了一个强大的刺激，不仅在人类，而且在广泛的其他生物体中，研究整个生命过程中的死亡模式。Gompertz模型可能构成一个基本的“死亡率定律”的想法已经让位于承认其他模式存在，不仅在物种范围内，而且在高龄。然而，Gompertz的方式表示功能表达的模式，许多成年人死亡率保持相当大的相关性，研究因素，影响内在的生物老化。这篇评论是为庆祝皇家学会《哲学汇刊》创刊350周年而写的。
In 1825, the actuary Benjamin Gompertz read a paper, ‘On the nature of the function expressive of the law of human mortality, and on a new mode of determining the value of life contingencies’, to the Royal Society in which he showed that over much of the adult human lifespan, age-specific mortality rates increased in an exponential manner. Gompertz's work played an important role in shaping the emerging statistical science that underpins the pricing of life insurance and annuities. Latterly, as the subject of ageing itself became the focus of scientific study, the Gompertz model provided a powerful stimulus to examine the patterns of death across the life course not only in humans but also in a wide range of other organisms. The idea that the Gompertz model might constitute a fundamental ‘law of mortality’ has given way to the recognition that other patterns exist, not only across the species range but also in advanced old age. Nevertheless, Gompertz's way of representing the function expressive of the pattern of much of adult mortality retains considerable relevance for studying the factors that influence the intrinsic biology of ageing. This commentary was written to celebrate the 350th anniversary of the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society.
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DOI：
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