Let's inhibit our excitement: the relationships between Stroop, behavioral disinhibition, and the frontal lobes.
Let's inhibit our excitement: the relationships between Stroop, behavioral disinhibition, and the frontal lobes.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0023863
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发表时间：
2011-09
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Kramer, Joel H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heflin, Lara H.;Laluz, Victor;Jang, Jung;Ketelle, Robin;Miller, Bruce L.;Kramer, Joel H.
Stroop是一种常用的神经心理学测试，表现不佳通常被解释为抑制解除和额叶损伤的指示。本研究通过研究Stroop表现、行为去抑制和额叶萎缩之间的关系来检验这些解释。参与者是112名特征良好的轻度认知障碍或痴呆患者，通过UCSF的记忆和衰老中心招募。参与者接受了全面的痴呆症评估，包括结构MRI，神经心理学测试和线人访谈。Freesurfer是一种半自动化的包裹程序，用于分析1.5T MRI扫描。使用神经精神量表的去抑制量表测量行为去抑制。样本（n=112）的平均年龄为65.40（SD=8.60）岁，受教育程度为16.64（SD=2.54）岁，MMSE为26.63（SD=3.32）。采用分层线性回归进行数据分析。在控制年龄、MMSE和颜色记忆能力的情况下，Stroop能力与行为去抑制没有显著相关性（β=0.01，ΔR2=0.01，p=0.29）。分层回归控制年龄，MMSE，彩色多普勒，颅内体积，颞叶和顶叶，检查左半球或右半球区域是否预测干扰速度。双侧顶叶是萎缩最能预测Stroop较差的脑区（左侧：β=0.0004，ΔR2=0.02，p=0.002;右侧：β=0.0004，ΔR2=0.02，p=0.002）。在额叶区域中，只有背外侧前额叶皮质萎缩预测更差的Stroop（β=0.001，ΔR2=0.01，p=0.03）;左和右前扣带回皮质（ACC）萎缩预测更好的Stroop（左：β=-0.003，ΔR2=0.01，p=0.02;右：β=-0.004，ΔR2=0.01，p=0.02）。这些发现表明，Stroop表现是一个不良的措施，行为去抑制和额叶萎缩，即使在一个相对高风险的人群。
The Stroop is a frequently used neuropsychological test, with poor performance typically interpreted as indicative of disinhibition and frontal lobe damage. This study tested those interpretations by examining relationships between Stroop performance, behavioral disinhibition, and frontal lobe atrophy. Participants were 112 well-characterized patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia, recruited through UCSF's Memory and Aging Center. Participants received comprehensive dementia evaluations including structural MRI, neuropsychological testing, and informant interviews. Freesurfer, a semi-automated parcellation program, was used to analyze 1.5T MRI scans. Behavioral disinhibition was measured using the Disinhibition scale of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. The sample (n=112) mean age was 65.40 (SD=8.60) years, education was 16.64 (SD=2.54) years, and MMSE was 26.63 (SD=3.32). Hierarchical linear regressions were used for data analysis. Controlling for age, MMSE, and Color Naming performance, Stroop performance was not significantly associated with behavioral disinhibition (β=0.01, ΔR2=0.01, p=0.29). Hierarchical regressions controlling for age, MMSE, Color Naming, intracranial volume, and temporal and parietal lobes, examined whether left hemisphere or right hemisphere regions predict Interference speed. Bilaterally, parietal lobes were the brain region in which atrophy best predicted poorer Stroop (left: β=0.0004, ΔR2=0.02, p=0.002; right: β=0.0004, ΔR2=0.02, p=0.002). Of frontal regions, only dorsolateral prefrontal cortex atrophy predicted poorer Stroop (β=0.001, ΔR2=0.01, p=0.03); left and right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) atrophy predicted better Stroop (left: β=−0.003, ΔR2=0.01, p=0.02; right: β=−0.004, ΔR2=0.01, p=0.02). These findings suggest Stroop performance is a poor measure of behavioral disinhibition and frontal lobe atrophy even among a relatively high-risk population.
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