Human centromere chromatin protein hMis12, essential for equal segregation, is independent of CENP-A loading pathway.

Human centromere chromatin protein hMis12, essential for equal segregation, is independent of CENP-A loading pathway.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.200210005
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发表时间:
2003-01-06
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Yanagida M
Yanagida M
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Goshima G;Kiyomitsu T;Yoda K;Yanagida M

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动粒是染色体上与纺锤体相互作用的位点,对染色体分离起着至关重要的作用。然而,在高等真核生物中,动粒蛋白的组成及其细胞功能却鲜为人知。我们鉴定出了一个从酵母到人类都保守的新型动粒蛋白家族,它对染色体的均等分离至关重要。酵母spMis12/scMtw1的人类同源物hMis12保留了保守的序列特征,并且定位在与着丝粒组蛋白变体CENP - A无法区分的动粒区域。对HeLa细胞进行的RNA干扰(RNAi)分析表明,hMis12减少会导致中期染色体排列不齐、后期染色体滞后以及间期微核形成,且无有丝分裂延迟,而CENP - A仍位于动粒上。此外,中期纺锤体长度异常延长。纺锤体检查点蛋白hMad2在RNAi后在有丝分裂早期阶段暂时定位在动粒上。CENP - A的RNAi缺失会导致类似的有丝分裂表型,但其他动粒蛋白(hMis6和CENP - C)的动粒信号会大大减弱。hMis6的RNAi,如同动粒驱动蛋白CENP - E的RNAi一样,会诱导有丝分裂停滞。hMis12的动粒定位不受CENP - A的RNAi影响,这表明在人类动粒中CENP - A存在一条独立的途径。
Kinetochores are the chromosomal sites for spindle interaction and play a vital role for chromosome segregation. The composition of kinetochore proteins and their cellular roles are, however, poorly understood in higher eukaryotes. We identified a novel kinetochore protein family conserved from yeast to human that is essential for equal chromosome segregation. The human homologue hMis12 of yeast spMis12/scMtw1 retains conserved sequence features and locates at the kinetochore region indistinguishable from CENP-A, a centromeric histone variant. RNA interference (RNAi) analysis of HeLa cells shows that the reduced hMis12 results in misaligned metaphase chromosomes, lagging anaphase chromosomes, and interphase micronuclei without mitotic delay, while CENP-A is located at kinetochores. Further, the metaphase spindle length is abnormally extended. Spindle checkpoint protein hMad2 temporally localizes at kinetochores at early mitotic stages after RNAi. The RNAi deficiency of CENP-A leads to a similar mitotic phenotype, but the kinetochore signals of other kinetochore proteins, hMis6 and CENP-C, are greatly diminished. RNAi for hMis6, like that of a kinetochore kinesin CENP-E, induces mitotic arrest. Kinetochore localization of hMis12 is unaffected by CENP-A RNAi, demonstrating an independent pathway of CENP-A in human kinetochores.
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