The Role of Atmospheric Rivers in Extratropical and Polar Hydroclimate
The Role of Atmospheric Rivers in Extratropical and Polar Hydroclimate
复制标题
大气河流在温带和极地水文气候中的作用
DOI：
10.1029/2017jd028130
复制
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
F. Ralph
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Nash;D. Waliser;B. Guan;H. Ye;F. Ralph
大气河流（AR）是大气中狭窄、长、短暂、富含水汽的走廊，负责中纬度地区和跨中纬度地区向极地输送的水汽的90%以上。然而，AR在调节热带外和极地水文气候特征（例如，水蒸气含量和降水量）尚未得到充分研究，尽管极地大气的增湿既是北极变暖和海冰融化的关键结果，也是其放大器，而降水是极地海冰和冰盖表面质量平衡的关键。本研究使用现代研究和应用回顾性分析，第2版再分析，以表征AR水汽输送对两个半球外和极地地区柱积分大气水汽收支的作用。在给定的纬度上，由AR进行的经向水汽输送（对40°、50°、60°和70°进行了检查）与面积平均（即，在给定纬度的极圈上）总的水汽储存和该纬度的极圈降水。对于气候年周期，AR输送（即，非局部源）和总蒸发（即，当地来源）与总降水量的相关性最大，尽管相位略有不同。然而，对于月异常，在高纬度地区的水收支在很大程度上是由AR传输和降水之间的关系。对于候距平和日距平，AR输送与降水和水汽储量变化有关。这些结果表明，情景，极端的水汽输送的AR调制外热带和极地水文气候的重要作用。
Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are narrow, long, transient, water vapor‐rich corridors of the atmosphere that are responsible for over 90% of the poleward water vapor transport in and across midlatitudes. However, the role of ARs in modulating extratropical and polar hydroclimate features (e.g., water vapor content and precipitation) has not been fully studied, even though moistening of the polar atmosphere is both a key result and amplifier of Arctic warming and sea ice melt, and precipitation is key to the surface mass balance of polar sea ice and ice sheets. This study uses the Modern‐Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 reanalysis to characterize the roles of AR water vapor transport on the column‐integrated atmospheric water vapor budget in the extratropical and polar regions of both hemispheres. Meridional water vapor transport by ARs across a given latitude (examined for 40°, 50°, 60°, and 70°) is strongly related to variations in area‐averaged (i.e., over the cap poleward of the given latitude) total water vapor storage and precipitation poleward of that latitude. For the climatological annual cycle, both AR transport (i.e., nonlocal sources) and total evaporation (i.e., local sources) are most correlated with total precipitation, although with slightly different phases. However, for monthly anomalies, the water budget at higher latitudes is largely dominated by the relationship between AR transport and precipitation. For pentad and daily anomalies, AR transport is related to both precipitation and water vapor storage variations. These results demonstrate the important role of episodic, extreme water vapor transports by ARs in modulating extratropical and polar hydroclimate.
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Lavers, David A.;Allan, Richard P.;Wade, Andrew J.
通讯作者：
Wade, Andrew J.
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Paltan, Homero;Waliser, Duane;Dadson, Simon
通讯作者：
Dadson, Simon