Contrasting patterns in crop domestication and domestication rates: recent archaeobotanical insights from the Old World.
Contrasting patterns in crop domestication and domestication rates: recent archaeobotanical insights from the Old World.
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DOI：
10.1093/aob/mcm048
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发表时间：
2007-11
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Fuller DQ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fuller DQ
古植物学是对来自古代人类活动遗址的植物遗骸的研究，为研究驯化植物的最初进化提供了数据。一个重要的背景是定义驯化综合征，驯化植物与野生亲缘植物不同的特征。这些性状包括在栽培条件下选择的特征。从考古遗迹中，最容易研究的性状是种子的大小，在谷类作物中，自然种子传播的损失。这些特征演变的速度和它们演变的顺序现在可以记录在亚洲和非洲的一些作物中。本文探讨了这一点在一粒小麦（Triticum monococcum）和大麦（大麦）从近东，水稻（水稻）从中国，绿豆（绿豆辐射）和urd（绿豆mungo）从印度，和珍珠粟（狼尾草glaucum）从西非。简要参考关于小扁豆（透镜culinaris）、豌豆（Pisum sativum）、大豆（Glycine max）和赤豆（Vigna angularis）的类似数据。从考古发现的可用的定量数据进行汇编，以探讨驯化的变化。探讨了谷物种子大小的增加和传播之间的分离，并估计这些功能的演变率从考古植物学数据。作物之间的对比，特别是谷物和豆类之间，检查。这些数据表明，在驯化的草，在非粉碎穗或圆锥花序之前，演变的颗粒大小和形状的变化。最初的颗粒大小的增加可能是在种植的第一个世纪，也许在500-1000年内进化而来的。不破碎的果序要慢得多，大约1000-2000年后才固定下来。这表明有必要重新考虑镰刀收割在驯化中的作用。相比之下，豆类没有证据表明种子大小的增加与最早的种植有关，种子大小的增加可能会推迟2000-4000年。这意味着在禾本科中足以选择较大种子大小的条件在豆科中是不充分的。有人提出，畜力犁（或ards）为豆科植物中较大的种子提供了选择压力。这意味着不同的阈值选择压力，例如在不同的种子个体遗传学和潜在的遗传结构在这些家庭。珍珠粟（Pennisetum glaucum）在真正的大颗粒形式进化之前的滞后时间方面可能与豆类有一些相似之处。
Archaeobotany, the study of plant remains from sites of ancient human activity, provides data for studying the initial evolution of domesticated plants. An important background to this is defining the domestication syndrome, those traits by which domesticated plants differ from wild relatives. These traits include features that have been selected under the conditions of cultivation. From archaeological remains the easiest traits to study are seed size and in cereal crops the loss of natural seed dispersal. The rate at which these features evolved and the ordering in which they evolved can now be documented for a few crops of Asia and Africa. This paper explores this in einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) from the Near East, rice (Oryza sativa) from China, mung (Vigna radiata) and urd (Vigna mungo) beans from India, and pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) from west Africa. Brief reference is made to similar data on lentils (Lens culinaris), peas (Pisum sativum), soybean (Glycine max) and adzuki bean (Vigna angularis). Available quantitative data from archaeological finds are compiled to explore changes with domestication. The disjunction in cereals between seed size increase and dispersal is explored, and rates at which these features evolved are estimated from archaeobotanical data. Contrasts between crops, especially between cereals and pulses, are examined. These data suggest that in domesticated grasses, changes in grain size and shape evolved prior to non-shattering ears or panicles. Initial grain size increases may have evolved during the first centuries of cultivation, within perhaps 500–1000 years. Non-shattering infructescences were much slower, becoming fixed about 1000–2000 years later. This suggests a need to reconsider the role of sickle harvesting in domestication. Pulses, by contrast, do not show evidence for seed size increase in relation to the earliest cultivation, and seed size increase may be delayed by 2000–4000 years. This implies that conditions that were sufficient to select for larger seed size in Poaceae were not sufficient in Fabaceae. It is proposed that animal-drawn ploughs (or ards) provided the selection pressure for larger seeds in legumes. This implies different thresholds of selective pressure, for example in relation to differing seed ontogenetics and underlying genetic architecture in these families. Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) may show some similarities to the pulses in terms of a lag-time before truly larger-grained forms evolved.
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影响因子：
3.1
作者：
ALLARD, RW
通讯作者：
ALLARD, RW
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
BRUNKEN, J;DEWET, JMJ;HARLAN, JR
通讯作者：
HARLAN, JR
影响因子：
0.9
作者：
Bruno, MC;Whitehead, WT
通讯作者：
Whitehead, WT
DOI：
10.1006/bbrc.1993.2030
发表时间：
1993-08-31
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
CHENG, LI;KIRK, N;PIPER, PW
通讯作者：
PIPER, PW
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
ALLEN, H
通讯作者：
ALLEN, H