Assessing the impacts of pre-growing-season weather conditions on soil nitrogen dynamics and corn productivity in the U.S. Midwest
Assessing the impacts of pre-growing-season weather conditions on soil nitrogen dynamics and corn productivity in the U.S. Midwest
复制标题
评估生长季前天气条件对美国中西部土壤氮动态和玉米生产力的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2022.108563
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Gentry, Lowell E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Ziyi;Guan, Kaiyu;Zhou, Wang;Peng, Bin;Jin, Zhenong;Tang, Jinyun;Grant, Robert F.;Nafziger, Emerson D.;Margenot, Andrew J.;Gentry, Lowell E.
迫切需要提高氮（N）利用效率，以实现农业生产力和环境质量的共同可持续性。环境条件和农业管理实践影响农业生态系统中的氮循环。特别是，生长前季节的天气条件（例如美国玉米带的冬季和早春）可以影响土壤无机氮（SIN）含量的动态，并对季末作物产量产生影响。在这里，我们使用先进的农业生态系统模型 ecosys 来评估不同生长季节前天气情景对 SIN 动态和作物生产力的影响。我们首先使用在美国中西部收集的大量氮试验数据对ecosys进行基准测试，发现ecosys捕获了氮肥产量响应和田间规模的氮循环动态。然后，我们使用生态系统通过改变生长季节前的降水和温度来进行多项实验，并评估这些变化如何影响土壤氮动态和作物产量。我们发现：（1）生长前期的湿润通过增加淋滤降低了SIN含量，导致在不施肥的情况下玉米籽粒产量减少0.54-0.86毫克/公顷（5-14%），在正常施氮量（167千克氮/公顷；2018年伊利诺伊州平均施氮量）下玉米籽粒产量减少0.21-0.33毫克/公顷（1-3%）；春季施用更多的氮肥可以消除生长季前降水量增加引起的产量损失； (2) 较冷的生长前季节可以通过减少氮矿化和增强淋滤来降低 SIN 含量。这两个因素进一步导致玉米产量损失，在不施肥的情况下为 0.10-0.68 毫克/公顷（2-8%），在正常施肥量下为 0.12-0.48 毫克/公顷（1-4%）；然而，在这种情况下，添加更多的肥料并不一定能消除生长前期较冷所造成的产量损失，因为较低的温度不仅会导致SIN缺乏，还会通过降低土壤温度来减少生长季早期根系活性养分的吸收和作物对氮的需求。这些发现扩大了我们对天气条件对作物产量影响的理解，并可以为美国中西部农业生态系统氮肥利用效率的提高提供信息。
Improving nitrogen (N) use efficiency is urgently needed to achieve co-sustainability of agricultural productivity and environmental quality. Environmental conditions and farming management practices affect the N cycle in agroecosystems. Particularly, weather conditions during the pre-growing-season (e.g. winter and early spring for the U.S. Corn Belt) can influence the dynamics of soil inorganic N (SIN) content and have implications for the end-of-season crop yield. Here, we used an advanced agroecosystem model,ecosys, to assess the consequences of different pre-growing-season weather scenarios in terms of both SIN dynamics and crop productivity. We first benchmarkedecosysusing extensive N trial data collected across the U.S. Midwest, and found thatecosyscaptured the N fertilizer-yield responses and field-scale N cycle dynamics. We then usedecosysto conduct multiple experiments by changing the pre-growing-season precipitation and temperature, and assessed how these changes affected soil N dynamics and crop yield. We found that: (1) wetter pre-growing-seasons reduced SIN content through increasing leaching, leading to a reduction in corn grain yield of 0.54–0.86 Mg/ha (5–14%) under no fertilizer and of 0.21–0.33 Mg/ha (1–3%) under the normal N fertilizer rate (167 kg N/ha; Illinois average N fertilizer rate in 2018); yield loss induced by higher pre-growing-season precipitation can be eliminated by applying more N fertilizer in spring; and (2) colder pre-growing-seasons can reduce SIN content through decreased N mineralization and enhanced leaching. Both factors further contribute to corn yield loss of 0.10–0.68 Mg/ha (2–8%) under no fertilizer and of 0.12–0.48 Mg/ha (1–4%) under the normal fertilizer rate; however, in this case adding more fertilizer does not necessarily eliminate the yield loss caused by the colder pre-growing-season, because the lower temperature not only causes SIN deficiency but also reduces early-growing-season active root nutrients uptake and crop N demand by cooling soil temperature. These findings expand our understanding of the impact of weather conditions on crop yield and can inform improvements in N fertilizer use efficiency in the U.S. Midwest agroecosystems.
登录
查看更多内容
历史气候变化对美国中西部季节性土壤霜冻的影响。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
T. Sinha;K. Cherkauer;V. Mishra
通讯作者：
V. Mishra
土壤温度对玉米早期生长的影响1
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1964
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
R. Allmaras;W. C. Burrows;W. E. Larson
通讯作者：
W. E. Larson
美国中西部玉米种植带八个州的玉米施氮量推荐工具的表现
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
C. Ransom;N. Kitchen;J. Camberato;P. Carter;R. Ferguson;F. Fernández;D. Franzen;C. Laboski;E. Nafziger;J. Sawyer;P. Scharf;J. Shanahan
通讯作者：
J. Shanahan
肯尼亚高地早期生长期间土壤温度升高及其与玉米发育和产量的关系
影响因子：
0.6
作者：
P. Cooper;R. Law
通讯作者：
R. Law
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Wang Zhou;K. Guan;B. Peng;Jinyun Tang;Zhenong Jin;Chongya Jiang;R. Grant;S. Mezbahuddin
通讯作者：
Wang Zhou;K. Guan;B. Peng;Jinyun Tang;Zhenong Jin;Chongya Jiang;R. Grant;S. Mezbahuddin