A model for organization and regulation of nuclear condensates by gene activity.

A model for organization and regulation of nuclear condensates by gene activity.
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通过基因活性对核冷凝物的组织和调节模型。

DOI:
10.1038/s41467-023-39878-4
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发表时间:
2023-07-12
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Shrinivas, Krishna
Shrinivas, Krishna
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schede, Halima H.;Natarajan, Pradeep;Chakraborty, Arup K.;Shrinivas, Krishna

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通过相分离的凝聚最近已经成为细胞功能所必需的许多核隔室的基础机制。核浓缩物富集核酸和蛋白质,定位于特定的基因组区域,并且通常促进基因表达。核凝聚物的不同性质是如何由基因组织和活动塑造的,人们对此知之甚少。在这里,我们开发了一个基于物理的模型来询问空间变化的转录活性如何影响冷凝物的性质和动力学。我们的模型预测,活性基因的空间聚类可以使精确的定位和从头凝聚成核。强烈的聚集和高活性导致非球面凝聚形态。冷凝物可以流向远处的基因簇,多个簇之间的竞争导致拉伸形态和活性依赖性重新定位。总的来说,我们的模型预测和概括了不同的核凝聚物的形态和动力学特征,并提供了一个统一的机制框架来研究细胞生物学中的非平衡过程,空间变化的转录和多组分凝聚物之间的相互作用。通过一个基于物理学的模型框架,作者提出了一个核心作用的非平衡过程的基因活性在塑造形态,动力学和调节不同的核凝聚体。
Condensation by phase separation has recently emerged as a mechanism underlying many nuclear compartments essential for cellular functions. Nuclear condensates enrich nucleic acids and proteins, localize to specific genomic regions, and often promote gene expression. How diverse properties of nuclear condensates are shaped by gene organization and activity is poorly understood. Here, we develop a physics-based model to interrogate how spatially-varying transcription activity impacts condensate properties and dynamics. Our model predicts that spatial clustering of active genes can enable precise localization and de novo nucleation of condensates. Strong clustering and high activity results in aspherical condensate morphologies. Condensates can flow towards distant gene clusters and competition between multiple clusters lead to stretched morphologies and activity-dependent repositioning. Overall, our model predicts and recapitulates morphological and dynamical features of diverse nuclear condensates and offers a unified mechanistic framework to study the interplay between non-equilibrium processes, spatially-varying transcription, and multicomponent condensates in cell biology. Through a physics-based model framework, the authors propose a central role for the nonequilibrium processes underling gene activity in shaping morphology, dynamics, and regulation of diverse nuclear condensates.
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