Effects of manganese on tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity and TH-phosphorylation in a dopaminergic neural cell line.

Effects of manganese on tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity and TH-phosphorylation in a dopaminergic neural cell line.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.taap.2010.03.023
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发表时间:
2011-07-15
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
Kanthasamy A
Kanthasamy A
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhang D;Kanthasamy A;Anantharam V;Kanthasamy A

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接触锰 (Mn) 会导致锰中毒,这是一种类似于帕金森病的神经系统疾病。然而,锰损害多巴胺能神经递质系统的细胞机制仍不清楚。我们之前证明,蛋白激酶 C δ (PKCδ) 的 caspase-3 依赖性蛋白水解激活在 Mn 诱导的多巴胺能神经元细胞凋亡中发挥关键作用。最近,我们发现 PKCδ 通过增强多巴胺能神经元中的蛋白磷酸酶 2A 活性,负向调节酪氨酸羟化酶 (TH)(多巴胺合成的限速酶)。在这里,我们报道了锰暴露可以通过激活多巴胺能细胞模型中的 PKCδ - PP2A 信号通路来影响多巴胺合成中的限速酶 TH 的酶活性。低剂量 Mn (3–10 μM) 暴露于分化的中脑多巴胺能神经元细胞 3 小时,诱导 TH 活性和 TH-Ser40 磷酸化显着增加。 PKCδ 特异性抑制剂 rottlerin 不能阻止 Mn 诱导的 TH 活性或 TH-Ser40 磷酸化。相反,长期暴露于 0.1-1 μM Mn 24 小时会导致 TH 活性呈剂量依赖性下降。有趣的是,长期锰治疗显着增加了 PKCδ 激酶活性和蛋白磷酸酶 2A (PP2A) 酶活性。用 PKCδ 抑制剂 Rottlerin 治疗几乎完全阻止了 Mn 引起的 TH 活性的慢性降低以及 PP2A 活性的增加。急性或慢性锰暴露均不会引起任何细胞毒性细胞死亡或改变 TH 蛋白水平。总的来说,这些结果表明,低剂量的 Mn 暴露会通过激活 PKCδ 和 PP2A 活性来损害多巴胺能细胞中的 TH 活性。
Manganese (Mn) exposure causes manganism, a neurological disorder similar to Parkinson’s disease. However, the cellular mechanism by which Mn impairs the dopaminergic neurotransmitter system remains unclear. We previously demonstrated that caspase-3-dependent proteolytic activation of protein kinase C delta (PKCδ) plays a key role in Mn-induced apoptotic cell death in dopaminergic neurons. Recently, we showed that PKCδ negatively regulates tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis, by enhancing protein phosphatase-2A activity in dopaminergic neurons. Here we report that Mn exposure can affect the enzymatic activity of TH, the rate-limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis, by activating PKCδ - PP2A signaling pathway in a dopaminergic cell model. Low dose Mn (3–10 μM) exposure to differentiated mesencephalic dopaminergic neuronal cells for 3 h induced a significant increase in TH activity and phosphorylation of TH-Ser40. The PKCδ specific inhibitor rottlerin did not prevent Mn-induced TH activity or TH-Ser40 phosphorylation. On the contrary, chronic exposure to 0.1–1 μM Mn for 24 h induced a dose-dependent decrease in TH activity. Interestingly, chronic Mn treatment significantly increased PKCδ kinase activity and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) enzyme activity. Treatment with the PKCδ inhibitor rottlerin almost completely prevented chronic Mn-induced reduction in TH activity, as well as increased PP2A activity. Neither acute nor chronic Mn exposures induced any cytotoxic cell death or altered TH protein levels. Collectively, these results demonstrate that low dose Mn exposure impairs TH activity in dopaminergic cells through activation of PKCδ and PP2A activity.
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