Neural similarity between mentalizing and live social interaction during the transition to adolescence.
Neural similarity between mentalizing and live social interaction during the transition to adolescence.
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DOI：
10.1002/hbm.25903
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发表时间：
2022-09
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Redcay, Elizabeth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Merchant, Junaid S.;Alkire, Diana;Redcay, Elizabeth
社会互动对人类发展至关重要，但很少有神经影像学研究利用儿童和青少年时期的社会互动范式来研究其潜在的神经认知机制。最近的神经成像研究表明，当儿童与一个活生生的社会伙伴交往时，即使不需要进行心理化，心智化网络也会出现活动。虽然这一发现表明，社会互动环境可能会自发地进行心理化，但它并不是对大脑对这两种环境的反应有多相似的直接测试。目前的研究对8 - 14岁儿童的数据进行了表征相似性分析，这些儿童在fMRI期间对抽象人物和现实互动伙伴进行了心理和非心理判断。受试者内，2（心理/非心理）× 2（同伴/性格）设计使我们能够检查条件之间的反应模式相似性，并估计两种情境如何关联的三个概念模型的拟合度：(1)社会互动和对抽象性格的心理化是相似的；(2)交互同伴和抽象人物在不同评价类型下表现不同；(3)心理状态和非心理状态的表征不受目标的影响。我们发现，时间极点类似地表示心智化和同伴互动（模型1），表明在这些区域中两者之间存在神经认知联系。社会大脑的其余部分表现出互动同伴和抽象角色的不同表征（模型2）。我们的研究结果强调了使用互动方法研究社会认知过程的重要性，以及基于模式的分析对于理解社会认知过程如何相互关联的效用。社会互动对人类生活至关重要，但我们对这种复杂社会行为背后的神经认知系统的理解相对缺乏。本研究使用表征相似性分析（RSA）来检验社会互动和心理化（即推断他人心理状态的能力）之间反应模式的相似性，这被认为是一个重要的潜在过程。我们发现，当一个人对一个抽象人物进行心理状态推断时，以及与同伴互动时，即使互动不需要心理化，颞叶中的集群也会表现出类似的反应，这表明在这些区域的社会互动和心理化之间存在神经认知联系。
Social interactions are essential for human development, yet little neuroimaging research has examined their underlying neurocognitive mechanisms using socially interactive paradigms during childhood and adolescence. Recent neuroimaging research has revealed activity in the mentalizing network when children engage with a live social partner, even when mentalizing is not required. While this finding suggests that social‐interactive contexts may spontaneously engage mentalizing, it is not a direct test of how similarly the brain responds to these two contexts. The current study used representational similarity analysis on data from 8‐ to 14‐year‐olds who made mental and nonmental judgments about an abstract character and a live interaction partner during fMRI. A within‐subject, 2 (Mental/Nonmental) × 2 (Peer/Character) design enabled us to examine response pattern similarity between conditions, and estimate fit to three conceptual models of how the two contexts relate: (1) social interaction and mentalizing about an abstract character are represented similarly; (2) interactive peers and abstract characters are represented differently regardless of the evaluation type; and (3) mental and nonmental states are represented dissimilarly regardless of target. We found that the temporal poles represent mentalizing and peer interactions similarly (Model 1), suggesting a neurocognitive link between the two in these regions. Much of the rest of the social brain exhibits different representations of interactive peers and abstract characters (Model 2). Our findings highlight the importance of studying social‐cognitive processes using interactive approaches, and the utility of pattern‐based analyses for understanding how social‐cognitive processes relate to each other. Social interactions are of fundamental importance to human life, but our understanding of the neurocognitive systems underlying this complex social behavior is relatively lacking. The present study used representational similarity analysis (RSA) to examine the similarity of response patterns between social interaction and mentalizing (i.e., the ability to make inferences about another's mental state), which is thought to be an important underlying process. We found that the clusters in the temporal lobe exhibit similar responses when an individual is making mental state inferences about an abstract character and when interacting with a peer, even when the interaction required no mentalizing, suggesting a neurocognitive link between the social interaction and mentalizing in these regions.
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