Enhancing Solar Cell Efficiencies through 1-D Nanostructures

Enhancing Solar Cell Efficiencies through 1-D Nanostructures
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DOI:
10.1007/s11671-008-9200-y
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发表时间:
2008-11-25
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Chen J
Chen J
中科院分区:
材料科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yu K;Chen J

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目前的全球能源问题可归因于化石燃料供应不足和化石燃料消费增加造成的温室气体排放过多。对清洁能源的巨大需求可以通过太阳能到电力的转换来满足。由于现有太阳能电池的高成本和效率不足,太阳能的大规模使用没有发生。纳米结构材料为设计更高效的太阳能电池提供了新的机会,特别是用于提高太阳能电池效率的一维(1-D)纳米材料。这些一维纳米结构,包括纳米管、纳米线和纳米棒,通过促进光子吸收、电子传输和电子收集,为提高太阳能电池的效率提供了重要的机会;然而,在这种电池大规模商业化之前,必须克服巨大的挑战。这篇综述特别关注使用1-D纳米结构来提高太阳能电池的效率。其他纳米结构的太阳能电池或基于块体材料的太阳能电池不包括在这篇评论中。主要议题包括染料敏化太阳能电池、量子点敏化太阳能电池和p-n结太阳能电池。
The current global energy problem can be attributed to insufficient fossil fuel supplies and excessive greenhouse gas emissions resulting from increasing fossil fuel consumption. The huge demand for clean energy potentially can be met by solar-to-electricity conversions. The large-scale use of solar energy is not occurring due to the high cost and inadequate efficiencies of existing solar cells. Nanostructured materials have offered new opportunities to design more efficient solar cells, particularly one-dimensional (1-D) nanomaterials for enhancing solar cell efficiencies. These 1-D nanostructures, including nanotubes, nanowires, and nanorods, offer significant opportunities to improve efficiencies of solar cells by facilitating photon absorption, electron transport, and electron collection; however, tremendous challenges must be conquered before the large-scale commercialization of such cells. This review specifically focuses on the use of 1-D nanostructures for enhancing solar cell efficiencies. Other nanostructured solar cells or solar cells based on bulk materials are not covered in this review. Major topics addressed include dye-sensitized solar cells, quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells, and p-n junction solar cells.
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