Competing Models

Competing Models
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DOI:
10.1093/qje/qjac015
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
The Quarterly Journal of Economics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Prat, Andrea
Prat, Andrea
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Montiel Olea, José Luis;Ortoleva, Pietro;Pai, Mallesh M;Prat, Andrea

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不同的代理人需要做出预测。他们观察相同的数据,但有不同的模型:他们使用不同的解释变量进行预测。我们研究的代理认为他们有最好的预测能力,最小的主观后验均方预测误差,并显示它如何取决于样本量。在小样本的情况下,我们提出的结果表明它是一个使用低维模型的代理。对于大样本,它通常是一个具有高维模型的智能体,可能包括不相关的变量,但从不排除相关的变量。我们应用我们的研究结果来描述拍卖生产性资产的获胜模型,认为企业家和投资者与简单的模型将在新的部门中被过度代表,并了解扩散的“因素”,解释横截面的变化预期股票收益率在资产定价文献。
Different agents need to make a prediction. They observe identical data, but have different models: they predict using different explanatory variables. We study which agent believes they have the best predictive ability—as measured by the smallest subjective posterior mean squared prediction error—and show how it depends on the sample size. With small samples, we present results suggesting it is an agent using a low-dimensional model. With large samples, it is generally an agent with a high-dimensional model, possibly including irrelevant variables, but never excluding relevant ones. We apply our results to characterize the winning model in an auction of productive assets, to argue that entrepreneurs and investors with simple models will be overrepresented in new sectors, and to understand the proliferation of “factors” that explain the cross-sectional variation of expected stock returns in the asset-pricing literature.
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