Metallic Nanoparticles for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Metallic Nanoparticles for Cancer Immunotherapy.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.mattod.2017.11.022
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发表时间:
2018-07
期刊:
Materials today (Kidlington, England)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Drezek R
Drezek R
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Evans ER;Bugga P;Asthana V;Drezek R

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癌症免疫疗法,或利用人体免疫系统攻击肿瘤细胞,作为一种可行的癌症治疗策略,在过去的几十年里得到了突出的地位。最近批准的免疫疗法已经为以前预后惨淡的患者带来了缓解,并扩大了治疗癌症的可用工具的数量。纳米粒子——包括聚合物、脂质体和金属制剂——自然地运输到脾脏和淋巴器官以及其中的相关免疫细胞,使它们成为免疫治疗剂的良好候选者。金属纳米颗粒配方尤其具有优势,因为它们具有致密表面功能化的潜力,并且具有光学或热基治疗方法的能力。许多研究小组已经研究了纳米颗粒介导的递送平台提高免疫疗法疗效的潜力。尽管在过去的二十年中,许多这些平台取得了重大的临床前成功,但很少有金属纳米颗粒成功进入临床试验,没有一个获得FDA批准用于癌症治疗。在这篇综述中,我们将讨论涉及金属纳米颗粒(MNPs)用于癌症免疫治疗的临床前研究和临床试验,并讨论MNPs的临床翻译潜力。
Cancer immunotherapy, or the utilization of the body’s immune system to attack tumor cells, has gained prominence over the past few decades as a viable cancer treatment strategy. Recently approved immunotherapeutics have conferred remission upon patients with previously bleak outcomes and have expanded the number of tools available to treat cancer. Nanoparticles –including polymeric, liposomal, and metallic formulations – naturally traffic to the spleen and lymph organs and the relevant immune cells therein, making them good candidates for delivery of immunotherapeutic agents. Metallic nanoparticle formulations in particular are advantageous because of their potential for dense surface functionalization and their capability for optical or heat based therapeutic methods. Many research groups have investigated the potential of nanoparticle-mediated delivery platforms to improve the efficacy of immunotherapies. Despite the significant preclinical successes demonstrated by many of these platforms over the last twenty years, few metallic nanoparticles have successfully entered clinical trials with none achieving FDA approval for cancer therapy. In this review, we will discuss preclinical research and clinical trials involving metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) for cancer immunotherapy applications and discuss the potential for clinical translation of MNPs.
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